Ïàíêîâ Þðèé Âàñèëüåâè÷ : äðóãèå ïðîèçâåäåíèÿ.

Ïîëèòè÷åñêàÿ ñèñòåìà Êàíàäû

Ñàìèçäàò: [Ðåãèñòðàöèÿ] [Íàéòè] [Ðåéòèíãè] [Îáñóæäåíèÿ] [Íîâèíêè] [Îáçîðû] [Ïîìîùü|Òåõâîïðîñû]
Ññûëêè:
Øêîëà êîæåâåííîãî ìàñòåðñòâà: ñóìêè, ðåìíè ñâîèìè ðóêàìè
 Âàøà îöåíêà:
  • Àííîòàöèÿ:
    "÷èñòî ñòóäåíòàì"...
< Ïðî÷èå êíèãè
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  §R§ä§Ö§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §å§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ý§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§é§ß§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §ã§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§à§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §ª§¯§ª§R§¯ §Ó§í§á§å§ã§ä§Ú§Ý §à§Ò§Ù§à§â §¡§Ø§Ñ§Ö§Ó§Ñ §?.§i. "§?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ: §ä§Ö§ß§Õ§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à-§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ" (2001). §R§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§ñ§Þ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§à-§á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §Ú §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§å §á§à§ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§í §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§í §¢§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§ã§Ü§à§Û §ª.§À., §¢§à§â§Ú§ã§à§Ó§Ñ §Á.§?., §No§Ñ§ç§Ñ§â§à§Ó§Ñ §¡.§¡., §?§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §?.§¡., §?§à§Þ§Ü§à§Ó§à§Û §?.§?., §R§Ö§Ý§Ü§å§Þ§à§Ó§Ñ §¡.§¡., §´§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ê§à§Ó§à§Û §´.§¯. §R§Ö§ã§ä§å §Ú §â§à§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û §Ú §Ú§ç §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§à§Ó §Ó §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ö §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §á§à§ã§Ó§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ñ§Ý§í §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ë§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§å§é§ß§í§Û §Ø§å§â§ß§Ñ§Ý "§i§º§¡ §Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ: §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ", §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Ö §Ô§Ñ§Ù§Ö§ä§í §â§å§ã§ã§Ü§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§í§ç §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó, §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ö§ä-§ã§Ö§â§Ó§Ö§â§í §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ë§Ú§ç §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û.
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  §? XVIII §Ó. §Ú§Ù §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ú§ç §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ó§à§ê§Ý§Ú §Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í, §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §¯§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §º§à§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à, §ã§ç§à§Ø§Ö§Ö §á§à §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§ñ§Þ §ã §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ö. §¯§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §º§à§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§ñ §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ§Ú §ï§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§å§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §é§Ö§â§Ö§Ù §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§ß§í§Ö §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§í §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ú§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§í §Ú §ã§à§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô§Ú §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Ö §ß§å§Ø§Õ§í. §R§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§î §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ó §â§å§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ñ, §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ. §+§â§Ú §Ó§í§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ú§ç §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§Û §Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â §à§á§Ú§â§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Û §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Û §á§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§à§Û §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú.
  §?§â§å§á§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Û §Ú §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Û §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ö§Û §?§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §à§ä§à§ê§Ö§Ý §Ü §ß§Ö§Û §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §+§Ñ§â§Ú§Ø§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Õ§à§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Þ 1763 §Ô., §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Þ §i§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§ß§ð§ð §Ó§à§Û§ß§å. §+§à§Õ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §¢§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §Ó §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ §æ§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§í§Ö §Ü§Ñ§ä§à§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ú, §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§à "§Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ". §+§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§í, §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ö§Û, §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§å§ð §ß§Ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§Ú §ã§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§í §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§Û §ï§Ý§Ú§ä§í §Ú §ã§Ý§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§ä§à§Ó; §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§Ñ §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§à§Ù§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ü§Ñ§ä§à§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó, §Ü§Ñ§ä§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §è§Ö§â§Ü§à§Ó§î §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§Þ §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ, §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ, §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§Ó§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §à§ã§à§Ò§í§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ. §§§ä§Ú §à§ã§à§Ò§í§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ù§Ñ§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ý§Ö§ß§í §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ñ§Ü§ä§à§Þ 1774 §Ô. §´§Ö§Þ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Þ §§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ñ §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ú §¢§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú. §? §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ñ§Ü§ä§à§Þ §Ü§Ñ§ä§à§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ú §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú; §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §à§Õ§ß§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ú §Ò§í§Ý §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß §Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Þ §Ú §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Þ §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Þ §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Þ, §Ò§Ö§Ù §Ü§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ç-§Ý§Ú§Ò§à §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§ß§í§ç §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§à§Ó.
  §?§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§Þ §Ñ§Ü§ä§à§Þ 1791 §Ô. §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î, §é§ä§à §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ö§Û §à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â (§ã §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î§ð §ß§Ö§Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Ô§à §á§à §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§å §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ) §á§â§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ó§å§ç§á§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ñ, §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Ú§Ù §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ, §é§Ý§Ö§ß§í §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ú§Ù §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §Ò§à§Ô§Ñ§ä§í§ç §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §Ú §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§ß§à§Û §Ñ§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ú.
  §? §ä§à §Ø§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Õ§Ó§Ö §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú, §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Þ§Ú §á§â§à§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ §á§à §â§Ö§Ü§Ö §R§ä§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ. §? §¯§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö, §â§Ñ§ã§á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§Ñ§Þ §â§Ö§Ü§Ú §i§Ó§ñ§ä§à§Ô§à §-§Ñ§Ó§â§Ö§ß§ä§Ú§ñ, §Ô§Õ§Ö §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ñ§ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §æ§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ö§Ó, §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ, §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ §Ú §â§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ô§Ú§Ú. §? §?§Ö§â§ç§ß§Ö§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö, §Ô§Õ§Ö §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ §Ò§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§è§í §Ú§Ù §i§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §º§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó (§Ý§à§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§í), §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§í.
  §? §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç 50 §Ý§Ö§ä §ï§Ó§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Û §Ó §i§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ö §ê§Ý§Ñ §á§à §á§å§ä§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §Ú§ç §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §? §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Û §ä§â§Ö§ä§Ú XIX §Ó. §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú §ã§Ý§í§ê§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ý§à §à §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ó§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ï§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Ó §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §?§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ú §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §ã§í§â§î§Ö, §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§ä§î §â§í§ß§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§Ò§í§ä§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§à§Ó§Ñ§â§à§Ó. §+§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ù§Ñ§é§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ð §à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à §á§â§Ö§ß§Ö§Ò§â§Ö§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó, §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ù§Ñ§ë§Ú§ä§í §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ú§Ú §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§ç §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §Ó §Ý§Ú§è§Ö §Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ñ.
  §¥§Ñ§Ø§Ö §Ó§ã§á§í§ê§Ü§Ú §â§Ö§Ó§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§ç §Ó§à§Ý§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §Õ§Ó§å§ç §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ§ç §Ó 1837 §Ô. §ß§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ü §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §?§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ô§â§Ñ§æ §¥§Ö§â§Ô§Ö§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ò§í§Ý §á§à§ã§Ý§Ñ§ß §Ó §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§à§Ó §ã §Ó§à§ã§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§à§Ú§ã§Ü§à§Ó §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§Ý §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §à§Ò §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú "§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ". §¥§Ö§â§Ô§Ö§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ò§í§Ý §Ó§Ú§Ü§ä§à§â§Ú§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ý§à§Þ, §á§à§Ý§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Ý, §é§ä§à §¯§Ú§Ø§ß§ñ§ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ, §ã §Ö§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ü§ß§å§ä§í§Þ §á§à§Ý§å§æ§Ö§à§Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §æ§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ, §ß§Ö §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ú§Ù§à§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ §à§ä §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §?§Ö§â§ç§ß§Ö§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í, §Ô§Õ§Ö §Õ§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ú§Ý§í §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§á§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ. §+§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Þ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Õ§à§Ý§Ø§ß§à §Ò§í§Ý§à, §á§à §Ö§Ô§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð, §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Û.
  §"§à§ä§ñ §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §à§ä§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§î §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §¥§Ö§â§Ô§Ö§Þ§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Ö§ã§ñ §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §à§ß§à §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §Ö§Ô§à §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§å §à§Ò §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §Ú §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§à§ê§Ý§à §Ó 1840 §Ô. §R§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ó§ã§Ü§à§â§Ö §Ó§ß§à§Ó§î §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à §Ó§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§ñ §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ §?§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó 1832 §Ô. §¢§Ú§Ý§Ý§ñ §à §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ§Ö §ã§à§à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ú§Ý §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ó §á§à§Ý§î§Ù§å §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó. §R§ß§Ú §ç§à§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§à §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§í§ç §â§í§ß§Ü§Ñ§ç, §é§Ö§Þ§å §Þ§Ö§ê§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ñ§ñ §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§Ö. §? 1847 §Ô. §Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§í §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §i§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ö §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ú §å§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §à §ä§à§Þ, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ó§á§â§Ö§Õ§î §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ü§à§ß§ã§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§ç §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§à§Ó §æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §á§à§Ø§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ñ§ã§ã§Ñ§Þ§Ò§Ý§Ö§Ö §Õ§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ú; §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §Ó 1848 §Ô. §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ñ §Ú§Ù §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Û §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö "§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à" §á§à §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Þ§å §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§è§å.
  §¯§à §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §?§Ö§â§ç§ß§Ö§Û §Ú §¯§Ú§Ø§ß§Ö§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §Ó 1840 §Ô. §æ§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§í §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ý§Ú §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ã§î §Ü§à§Ñ§Ý§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Þ§Ú §à§Ò§Ö §é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Ú. §+§â§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Þ §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§é§î §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§à §ß§Ö§Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à, §Ú §á§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§à §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §ñ§ã§ß§à, §é§ä§à §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ó§í§ç§à§Õ §Ú§Ù §ä§å§á§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ý§Ö§Ø§Ú§ä §ß§Ñ §á§å§ä§Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Ô§à §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Û §Ó §i§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ö.
  §? §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö §Ü§à§ß§è§à§Ó, §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§Ò §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Û §Ò§í§Ý§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä§à, §ç§à§ä§ñ §¯§î§ð-§¢§â§Ñ§ß§ã§å§Ú§Ü §Ú §¯§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §º§à§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ö§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §ß§Ö§à§ç§à§ä§ß§à §á§à§ê§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Û §ã§à§ð§Ù, §à§á§Ñ§ã§Ñ§ñ§ã§î, §é§ä§à §à§ß§Ú §à§Ü§Ñ§Ø§å§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§Ô§Ý§à§ë§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ü§â§å§á§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ã§à§ã§Ö§Õ§ñ§Þ§Ú. §§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ä§Ó§Ö§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ñ§Þ §æ§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ó §ß§Ö§Û §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à.
  §¯§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à§Þ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §ã§à§ð§Ù§Ñ §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ 1 §Ú§ð§Ý§ñ 1867 §Ô., §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ý §Ó §ã§Ú§Ý§å §¡§Ü§ä §à §¢§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §i§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ö. §i§à§ð§Ù §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý §é§Ö§ä§í§â§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Ú: §¯§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §º§à§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§ñ, §¯§î§ð-§¢§â§Ñ§ß§ã§å§Ú§Ü, §R§ß§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§à (§Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ñ§ñ §?§Ö§â§ç§ß§ñ§ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ) §Ú §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü (§Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ñ§ñ §¯§Ú§Ø§ß§ñ§ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ). §+§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§î §á§â§Ú§ã§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §Õ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Þ §¢§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §?§à§Ý§å§Þ§Ò§Ú§Ú, §R§ã§ä§â§à§Ó§Ñ §+§â§Ú§ß§è§Ñ §§§Õ§å§Ñ§â§Õ§Ñ §Ú §¯§î§ð§æ§Ñ§å§ß§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ. §¥§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ö§Ö §æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§à §á§à §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Û. §? 1870 §Ô. §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ñ §ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ §R§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§à§Ò§Ñ §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ§ç, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §â§Ñ§ß§Ö§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú §?§à§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §?§å§Õ§Ù§à§ß§à§Ó§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ §Ó §Ò§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ö §â. §I§Ö§Õ-§I§Ú§Ó§Ö§â. §¢§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §?§à§Ý§å§Þ§Ò§Ú§ñ §Ó§à§ê§Ý§Ñ §Ó §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó 1871 §Ô. §R§ã§ä§â§à§Ó §+§â§Ú§ß§è§Ñ §§§Õ§å§Ñ§â§Õ§Ñ §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §á§â§Ú§ã§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ó 1873 §Ô. §? 1905 §Ô. §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ö§â§Ú§Û §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ô§å§ã§ä§à §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§í, §é§ä§à §ß§Ñ §Ú§ç §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§í §Õ§Ó§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Ú - §¡§Ý§î§Ò§Ö§â§ä§Ñ §Ú §i§Ñ§ã§Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ß. §R§ã§à§Ò§í§Û §á§å§ä§î §Ó§í§Ò§â§Ñ§Ý §¯§î§ð§æ§Ñ§å§ß§Õ§Ý§Ö§ß§Õ, §ã§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ñ §á§à§Ù§Õ§ß§Ö§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Û§ã§ñ §Õ§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§à§ß, §Ú §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ã §Ö§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§ã§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §Ó 1949 §Ô. §Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ú§Û §á§Ý§Ñ§ß §à§ä§è§à§Ó-§à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ò§í§Ý, §ß§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§Ö§è, §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß.
  §? 1867 §Ô. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ö§Û, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ú §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ó§ê§Ö§Û §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§Ö §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ö §à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §¡§Ü§ä §à §¢§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §i§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ö §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ý §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§å§ð §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§å §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ, §ß§à §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý §Ù§Ñ §ã§à§Ò§à§Û §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ó§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§î §Ó §ï§ä§à§ä §Ñ§Ü§ä §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §á§à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ü§Ú. §+§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§à, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ä§Ñ §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ö§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ú§Ù §â§å§Ü §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ñ §Ó §â§å§Ü§Ú §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö§ä§Ñ.
  §+§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ó§à§Û§ß§Ñ §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §å§Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§î §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Õ§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó (§?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í, §¡§Ó§ã§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ú §Ú §¯§à§Ó§à§Û §No§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§Ú) §à§ä §Þ§Ö§ä§â§à§á§à§Ý§Ú§Ú. §+§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§ß§Ú §á§â§Ú§à§Ò§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§å§ð §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §á§à §á§â§à§ê§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó§à§Ö §Ú §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Ö §à§Ò§à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö.
  §? §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ó§Ö§ç §ß§Ñ §ï§ä§à§Þ §á§å§ä§Ú §Þ§à§Ø§ß§à §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ä§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§ñ. §? 1926 §Ô. §ª§Þ§á§Ö§â§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Õ§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§à§ß§í §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ§Ú §?§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú §Ú §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ú§Þ §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ü§à§â§à§ß§Ö, §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Þ §Õ§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§à§ß§Ö §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý §ä§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö §Ø§Ö §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §Ü§Ñ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö§ä§å §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Ó, §Ü§Ñ§Ü§à§Ö §Ü§à§â§à§Ý§î §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý §á§à §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü §ã§Ó§à§Ú§Þ §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ§Þ. §? 1931 §Ô. §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ§à§é§Ú§ñ §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§í §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §Ö§Ô§à §ß§à§Ó§í§Þ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§à§Þ, §Ú §ã §ï§ä§à§Ô§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ñ §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §è§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §Þ§à§ß§Ñ§â§ç§à§Þ §á§à §â§Ö§Ü§à§Þ§Ö§ß§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Õ§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§à§ß§Ñ. §? 1927 §Ô. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §à§Ò§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Õ§Ú§á§Ý§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã §i§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §º§ä§Ñ§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §á§à§Ù§Ø§Ö - §ã §§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §Á§á§à§ß§Ú§Ö§Û. §? 1931 §Ô. §Ò§í§Ý §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß §ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §?§Ö§ã§ä§Þ§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ö§â§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ä§Ñ - §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ñ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §à§Ü§à§ß§é§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ú§Ý §ð§â§Ú§Õ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Õ§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó §à§ä §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ. §? 1949 §Ô. §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ý§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ñ§á§Ö§Ý§Ý§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ü §´§Ñ§Û§ß§à§Þ§å §ã§à§Ó§Ö§ä§å §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ú, §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ó §Ó§í§ã§ê§Ö§Û §Ñ§á§Ö§Ý§Ý§ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ö§Û §?§Ö§â§ç§à§Ó§ß§í§Û §ã§å§Õ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í. §? 1982 §Ô. §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §Ò§í§Ý §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß §à §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ý §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Þ §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§î §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§ð §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í (§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§Ö §à§ß§Ú §æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §á§à§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ú §å§ä§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§à§Þ) .
  §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §á§à§Ý§å§é§Ú§Ý§Ñ §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §æ§à§â§Þ§å §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó 1867 §Ô. §? §ð§â§Ú§ã§Õ§Ú§Ü§è§Ú§Ú §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §à§Ò§à§â§à§ß§Ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í, §Ó§ß§Ö§ê§ß§ñ§ñ §Ú §Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§ñ§ñ §ä§à§â§Ô§à§Ó§Ý§ñ, §Ó§Ñ§Ý§ð§ä§Ñ §Ú §Ò§Ñ§ß§Ü§Ú; §à§ß §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Ý §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ß§Ö§à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§î§ð §Ó §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô§à§à§Ò§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §+§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Û §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ú (§æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§à§Ó §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ, §à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó, §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö). §? §â§å§Ü§Ñ§ç §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§î §ß§Ñ§Õ §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú. §R§ß§à §Þ§à§Ô§Ý§à, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§î §Ý§ð§Ò§à§Û §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß, §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§í§Û §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ. §? §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§î §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §à§ã§Ý§Ñ§Ò§Ö§Ý§Ñ, §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ §à§ä§Þ§Ö§ß§í §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Ó §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §á§à§ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§ß§à §ã§à§ê§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ß§Ö§ä.
  §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§â§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§í §Ü§à§ß§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§à-§Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ö§Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.
  §¯§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú.
  §¯§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §ß§Ñ§ã§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à 31,752,842 §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü (§ñ§ß§Ó§Ñ§â§î 2004 §Ô.) , §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ñ§ñ §Ö§Ô§à §é§Ñ§ã§ä§î §Ø§Ú§Ó§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §å§Ù§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§à§ã§Ö §Ó§Õ§à§Ý§î §Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§è§í §ã §i§º§¡ §ê§Ú§â§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ó 160 §Ü§Þ §Ú §Õ§Ý§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ó 6 000 §Ü§Þ. §I§à§ã§ä§å §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Û §Þ§Ö§â§Ö §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §á§â§Ú§â§à§ã§ä §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §? §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ 1991 - 1996 §Ô§Ô. §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §Ó§à§Ù§â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §Ö§Ø§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§à §ß§Ñ 1,1%, §é§ä§à §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Þ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ú§Ù §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §¢§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Û §i§Ö§Þ§Ö§â§Ü§Ú. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à 0,5% §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §ê§Ñ§â§Ñ. §+§à §à§è§Ö§ß§Ü§Ñ§Þ §ï§Ü§ã§á§Ö§â§ä§à§Ó, §Ó 2026 §Ô§à§Õ§å §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §Ò§å§Õ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§ã§é§Ú§ä§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î 36,2 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û.
  §¢§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ö§Ó, 76,6%, §Ø§Ú§Ó§å§ä §Ó §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ§ç, §Ñ 23,4% - §Ó §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Û §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. 31% §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í (8,61 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü) §Ø§Ú§Ó§å§ä §Ó §ä§â§Ö§ç §Ü§â§å§á§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§ç §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í - §´§à§â§à§ß§ä§à, §R§à§ß§â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§Ö §Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ü§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö.
  §+§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö - 74,9 §Ý§Ö§ä §Õ§Ý§ñ §Þ§å§Ø§é§Ú§ß §Ú 81,4 §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß. §§§ä§à §à§Õ§Ú§ß §Ú§Ù §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§Ú§ç §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§Ö.
  §+§à §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö, §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Û §â§Ñ§Ù§Þ§Ö§â §ã§Ö§Þ§î§Ú §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß 3,1 §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§ß§í 1,3 §Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Û. §I§Ñ§Ù§Þ§Ö§â §ã§Ö§Þ§î§Ú §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §ã 1991 §Ô.
  §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ - §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó, §á§à§ï§ä§à§Þ§å §Ö§Û §á§â§Ú§ã§å§ë§Ú §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§ñ§Þ§Ú, §ã§ä§Ñ§â§í§Þ§Ú §Ú §ß§à§Ó§í§Þ§Ú §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §á§à§ä§à§Þ§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ö§Ó§â§à§á§Ö§Û§è§Ö§Ó §Ú §ã§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§à§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú§ß§Õ§Ö§Û§è§Ö§Ó, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö, §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§à, §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ñ§Õ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §æ§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à- §Ú §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à-§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§ñ§ë§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú.
  §i 1867 §á§à 1945 §Ô§Ô. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 11 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó, §Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §?§ä§à§â§à§Û §R§Ú§â§à§Ó§à§Û §?§à§Û§ß§í §ï§ä§à §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ö§ë§Ö §ß§Ñ 5 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó.
  §?§ë§Ö §Ó §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ö 20-§Ô§à §Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Û §á§à§ä§à§Ü §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó §á§â§Ú§Ò§í§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ú§Ù §No§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§à§Û §?§Ó§â§à§á§í, §ß§à §ã §ß§Ö§Õ§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§Ô§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§à §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó-§Ó§í§ç§à§Õ§è§Ö§Ó §Ú§Ù §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §¡§Ù§Ú§Ú, §?§Ñ§â§Ú§Ò§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §¢§Ñ§ã§ã§Ö§Û§ß§Ñ §Ú §i§º§¡. §R§Ü§à§Ý§à 35% §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §ß§Ö §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§ä§à§Þ§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§è§Ö§Ó §Ú§Ý§Ú §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§à§Ó.
  §i§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ï§ä§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ô§â§å§á§á §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§Þ§è§í, §Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ñ§ß§è§í, §å§Ü§â§Ñ§Ú§ß§è§í, §Õ§Ñ§ä§é§Ñ§ß§Ö, §ã§Ü§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ó§í, §ã§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§à§Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú§ß§Õ§Ö§Û§è§í, §á§à§Ý§ñ§Ü§Ú, §Ü§Ú§ä§Ñ§Û§è§í, §Ö§Ó§â§Ö§Ú, §Ñ§æ§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§è§í, §Ó§Ö§ß§Ô§â§í, §Ô§â§Ö§Ü§Ú, §ð§Ô§à§ã§Ý§Ñ§Ó§í, §Ú§ã§á§Ñ§ß§è§í §Ú §â§å§ã§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö.
  §? §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ö §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ô§à §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§å§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§à §à§Ò§å§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Û §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ö §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó. §§§ä§à§Þ§å §Ú§ç §à§Ò§å§é§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó §ß§Ö§ß§Ñ§Ó§ñ§Ù§é§Ú§Ó§à§Û §æ§à§â§Þ§Ö §Ú§Ô§â, §Õ§Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ã§Ú§Û, §æ§Ú§Ý§î§Þ§à§Ó §Ú §ï§Ü§ã§Ü§å§â§ã§Ú§Û, §é§ä§à §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§ñ§Ö§ä §Ü§â§å§Ô§à§Ù§à§â §Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Û §Ú §á§à§Þ§à§Ô§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ý§å§é§ê§Ö §á§à§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ§Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó. §Á§Ù§í§Ü§Ú, §Ü§â§à§Þ§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Õ§à§Þ§Ñ§ê§ß§Ö§Û §à§Ò§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ü§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§à §ã§Ó§Ö§â§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ä§à§Û §Ø§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §R§ß§à§Ô§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§ß§à§Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§í§Ö §Ô§â§å§á§á§í, §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§ñ§ã§î §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§î §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§å §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §à§ä §â§à§Õ§Ú§ß§í, §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§ñ§ä §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Ü§å§â§ã§í §Ú §ï§Ü§ã§Ü§å§â§ã§Ú§Ú, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ú §Ú§Ù§å§é§Ñ§ð§ä §ñ§Ù§í§Ü §Ú §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§å §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§Ñ.
  §¯§Ö§ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§à, §é§ä§à §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §è§Ö§ß§Ú§ä §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ö§Ó §ß§Ö §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Þ §á§à§Ü§à§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü §ß§à§Ó§í§ç §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§í §Ú §á§à§ã§ä§â§à§Ú§Ý§Ú §ï§ä§å §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§å.
  §No§Ñ§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §à§ã§à§Ò§à§Ô§à §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§à§à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ú §æ§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö, §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó §Ò§à§Ü §à §Ò§à§Ü §ß§Ö §à§Õ§ß§à §ã§ä§à§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Ö, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ß§Ö §ã§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§å§ð §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§ð, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ú §å§Þ§å§Õ§â§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §á§à§Õ §Ü§â§í§ê§Ö§Û §à§Õ§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ. §?§Ñ§Ø§Õ§í§Ö §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Ý§Ö§ä §Ó §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §â§Ö§æ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Õ§å§Þ, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ §á§à§Õ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Ú §à§ä §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í, §ß§à §Ó§à§ä §å§Ø§Ö §Õ§Ó§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ñ §ã§Ö§á§Ñ§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ §ß§Ö §ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§à §Ý§Ú§ê§î 1% §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§à§á§Ý§à§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§Ö§é§ä§í §Ó §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î. §i§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß §Ó§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Þ§ß§à§Û §ß§Ö§á§â§Ú§ñ§Ù§ß§Ú, §ß§à §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Û §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â.
  §+§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§à§Û §Ú §æ§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§à§Û §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§í §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §ñ§â§Ü§à §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ö, §Ò§Ö§â§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§à §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§ç §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§ç §à§ã§Ó§à§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í. §?§Ñ§Ü §Ú§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à, §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Þ§Ú §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§è§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §à§ã§Ó§Ñ§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§å, §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§í. §?§à§Õ§í §Ó§à§Û§ß§í §Ù§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ü§à§ß§ä§â§à§Ý§ñ §ß§Ñ§Õ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ö§Û §ã §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ó§à §§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à§Ü§Ú§ß§å§ä§î §â§à§Õ§Ú§ß§å §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Ö §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§à§Ó §Ú §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ó§á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Ö§Û §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü. §¯§Ö§á§â§Ú§ñ§Ù§ß§î §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §Ü§à§ß§ä§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §§â§Ñ§ß§è§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §¡§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Ö§Û §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ö§ã§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ú §Ó §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ú. §§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§è§í §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§ð §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§å, §ã§Ó§à§Û §å§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §Ú §ã§Ó§à§Û §ñ§Ù§í§Ü §Ó§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §à§ä §â§à§Õ§Ú§ß§í. §?§á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §Ú§ç §Ù§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§é§Ñ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ø§ß§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §á§â§Ú§ä§à§Ü§à§Þ §à§Ô§â§à§Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§í§ç §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó§ã§ð §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ê§å§ð§ã§ñ §ä§Ö§â§â§Ú§ä§à§â§Ú§ð §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §á§â§à§ß§Ú§Ü§Ý§Ú §Ó §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü.
  §R§Ö§â§í §Ü§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ù§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ú §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §æ§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§í§ç §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ó§Ú§Ù§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§ç §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó, §Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ó§à§Õ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Õ§à§â§à§Ø§ß§í§ç §Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §ñ§Ù§í§Ü: §Ó §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Þ §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö, §Ó§í §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §å§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö §Ó §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ö §Ù§ß§Ñ§Ü§Ñ "STOP".
  §R§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §ß§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Õ§Ó§Ñ §Ó§í§ç§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó§Ù§â§í§Ó§ß§à§Þ§å §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Þ§å §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§ã§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §Ü§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ö§á§Ñ§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó: §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §æ§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à-§Ô§à§Ó§à§â§ñ§ë§Ö§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §i§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §¡§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §Ü§à§ß§Ü§å§â§Ö§ß§è§Ú§ñ §ã §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§à§Û §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§à§Û, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ, §ç§à§ä§î §Ú §Õ§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§â§å§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§ä§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ä§Ö, §Õ§Ñ §á§à§Ø§Ñ§Ý§å§Û, §Ú §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§Ö, §Ù§Ñ §ä§â§Ú §ã§à§ä§ß§Ú §Ý§Ö§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ß§Ö §ã§Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ §á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §æ§â§Ñ§ß§è§å§Ù§ã§Ü§å§ð.
  §R§Ö§Ø§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §á§â§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä §à§ã§à§Ò§í§Û §Ü§à§Ý§à§â§Ú§ä §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ö. §? §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ó §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ú§ç §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ, §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §ã §Ü§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ§Ú §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ§Ú §Þ§Ñ§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ. §-§Ú§ê§î §Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ñ §ä§à§Ý§Ú§Ü§Ñ §Ú§ß§Õ§Ö§Û§è§Ö§Ó §Ø§Ú§Ó§Ö§ä §Ó §â§Ö§Ù§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§ç, §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ø§Ö §à§ä§ã§ä§Ñ§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §ã§Ó§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ý§ð §Ú §Ú§Þ§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à, §Ø§Ú§Ó§ñ §Ó §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ§ç §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó §Ú §á§à§ä§à§Þ§Ü§à§Ó §Ú§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Ó. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §ã§ä§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§ñ§ä§î §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§ß§Õ§Ö§Û§è§Ö§Ó §Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§å§Þ§ß§í§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ç, §ß§Ö §á§à§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §Ú§ç §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä§í §ã§Ú§Ý§à§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ú§Ô§ß§à§â§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ú§ç. §¯§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§ß§à §à§Õ§ß§à§Þ§å §Ú§Ù §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §Ú§ß§Õ§Ö§Û§è§Ñ§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §ã§à§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ, §à§ç§à§ä§à§Û §Ú §â§í§Ò§à§Ý§à§Ó§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§ñ§ç §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §Ú §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §ã§Ö§Þ§î§Ú §á§â§à§á§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ, §ß§à §ß§Ö §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§ñ§ä§î §à§ç§à§ä§à§Û §Ú§Ý§Ú §â§í§Ò§ß§à§Û §Ý§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§Û §ß§Ñ §á§â§à§Õ§Ñ§Ø§å. §R§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú§ß§Õ§Ö§Û§è§Ö§Ó §ã§â§Ñ§Ù§å §Ø§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú §à §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ö §ã§à§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ä§î §Ó§ã§Ö §Õ§Ñ§â§í §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§í §ã §à§ä§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ú§Þ §Ù§Ö§Þ§Ö§Ý§î, §ä.§Ö. §Ó§í§â§å§Ò§Ñ§ä§î §Ý§Ö§ã§Ñ, §Õ§à§Ò§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö§æ§ä§î, §Ô§Ñ§Ù §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ú§â§à§Õ§ß§í§Ö §Ú§ã§Ü§à§á§Ñ§Ö§Þ§í§Ö. §+§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ä§î §ï§ä§à §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö, §ß§à §Þ§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§â§à§ñ§ä§ß§à, §é§ä§à §à§ß§à §Ö§Ô§à §å§Õ§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ä§Ó§à§â§Ú§ä.
  §¯§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§à§Ö §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß §Ó §Ü§Ñ§Ø§Õ§à§Þ §Þ§Ñ§Ý§à-§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §Ô§à§â§à§Õ§Ö §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ §å§Þ§å§Õ§â§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Þ§Ú§â§ß§à. §R§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à, §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö "§ñ", §ï§ä§Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß§í §ß§Ö §ã§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Õ§â§å§Ô §ã §Õ§â§å§Ô§à§Þ §Ú §ß§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§à- §Ú §æ§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §ß§Ö§ä §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Û, §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§à§Û §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§í, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ò§í §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ú §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ñ §ã§Þ§í§ã§Ý §á§à§ß§ñ§ä§Ú§ñ "§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§è".
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  §÷§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§î §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§í §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §+§à §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ð §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §ß§Ñ §ê§Ö§ã§ä§à§Þ §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§Ö: §Ö§Ö §à§Ò§Ô§à§ß§ñ§ð§ä §i§º§¡, §º§Ó§Ö§Û§è§Ñ§â§Ú§ñ, §-§ð§Ü§ã§Ö§Þ§Ò§å§â§Ô, §?§Ö§â§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §Á§á§à§ß§Ú§ñ. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Ó§à§ã§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §i§à§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §º§ä§Ñ§ä§í §á§à §á§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú, §Ñ §Á§á§à§ß§Ú§ð - §á§à §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ð §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ, §é§ä§à §Ú §á§à§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ý§à §á§â§Ú§é§Ú§ß§à§Û §ä§à§Ô§à, §é§ä§à §R§R§¯ §á§â§à§Ó§à§Ù§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§å §Ý§å§é§ê§Ö§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§à§Û §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü§Ñ. §¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 65% §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ö§Ó §Ø§Ú§Ó§å§ä §Ó §ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§à§Þ§Ñ§ç. §¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Õ§Ó§å§ç §ä§â§Ö§ä§Ö§Û §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ä§à§Ó§Ñ§â§í, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§à§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ú, §ç§à§Ý§à§Õ§Ú§Ý§î§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú, §ã§ä§Ú§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ê§Ú§ß§í, §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ó§Ú§Ù§à§â§í, §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§æ§à§ß§í §Ú §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§à. §´§Ö§Ý§Ö§æ§à§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §á§à§Ó§ã§Ö§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö. 16 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§æ§à§ß§ß§í§ç §Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§Û §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§î §Ó 99% §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§à§Þ§à§Ó. §? 1995 §Ô. §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 30% §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ö§Ó §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ú §á§Ö§â§ã§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ü§à§Þ§á§î§ð§ä§Ö§â§í, §á§â§Ú§é§Ö§Þ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 40% §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Ü§à§Þ§á§î§ð§ä§Ö§â§à§Ó §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §å§Ü§à§Þ§á§Ý§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§í §Þ§à§Õ§Ö§Þ§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§í§ç§à§Õ§Ñ §Ó §ª§ß§ä§Ö§â§ß§Ö§ä.
  §?§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §ä§Ö§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§í §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§à§Ü§à§Ö§ß§í §å§Ô§â§à§Ù§à§Û §Ú§ç §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§á§à§Ý§å§é§ß§à§Û §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú. §R§Õ§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§ç §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ - §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Õ§à§Ý§Ô §Ó 550 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§Ñ§â§Õ§à§Ó §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§à§Ý§Ý§Ñ§â§à§Ó, §á§Ý§ð§ã §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 150 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§Ñ§â§Õ§à§Ó - §ã§å§Þ§Þ§Ñ§â§ß§í§Û §Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§Ú§Û §Õ§à§Ý§Ô §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Û. §R§Ü§à§Ý§à 29% §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ò§ð§Õ§Ø§Ö§ä§Ñ §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §å§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä §ß§Ñ §à§Ò§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§Ó. §¢§ð§Õ§Ø§Ö§ä§ß§í§Û §Õ§Ö§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §ß§Ñ §Õ§å§ê§å §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ö§Ó§í§ê§Ñ§Ý §Ó §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §â§Ñ§Ù §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§ß§å§ð §ã§å§Þ§Þ§å §Õ§Ý§ñ §i§º§¡. §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ò§ð§Õ§Ø§Ö§ä§ß§í§Ö §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ò§î§ð§ä §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§å§ð §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§î §á§à §Þ§Ñ§Ý§à§à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §ã§Ý§à§ñ§Þ §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ: §á§Ö§ß§ã§Ú§à§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Þ §Ú §Ò§Ö§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§ß§í§Þ.
  §? 1990-§Ö §Ô§Ô. §Ô§à§Õ§í §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§Ý§à §Þ§Ö§â§í, §é§ä§à§Ò§í §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §Ý§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ò§ð§Õ§Ø§Ö§ä§ß§í§Û §Õ§Ö§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í, §à§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §à§ß§à §ß§Ö §ã§Þ§à§Ô§Ý§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ä§Ó§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ù§Ñ §é§Ö§â§ä§à§Û §Ò§Ö§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú: §Ú§ç §Ü§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§â§Ú§Ò§Ý§Ú§Ø§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ü 5 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Þ §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü. §+§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§í §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ñ§ð§ä, §é§ä§à 60% §à§Õ§Ú§ß§à§Ü§Ú§ç §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß §Ø§Ú§Ó§å§ä §ß§Ñ §ã§å§Þ§Þ§å §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö 8566 §Õ§à§Ý§Ý§Ñ§â§à§Ó §Ó §Ô§à§Õ, §é§ä§à §ß§Ú§Ø§Ö §é§Ö§â§ä§í §Ò§Ö§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú. §?§à§Ý§Ú§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§à §Þ§Ñ§Ý§à§à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Û §Ú §á§à§Ø§Ú§Ý§í§ç §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ý§à§ã§î §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §é§Ö§Þ §ß§Ñ §à§Õ§ß§å §á§ñ§ä§å§ð, §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ó 1,4 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§Ñ §Ú 650 §ä§í§ã§ñ§é §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à.
  §¯§Ñ §æ§à§ß§Ö §ï§ä§Ú§ç §å§ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §è§Ú§æ§â §á§à §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö, §ã§Ú§ä§å§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ó §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ§ç, §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à §Ó §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ö, §à§Ò§ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ö§ë§Ö §ç§å§Ø§Ö. §i§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Û §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ñ §ß§Ñ 15% §Ò§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ö §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ñ, §Ñ §Ò§Ö§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ú§è§Ñ §Ó §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Ú §ß§Ñ 25% §Ó§í§ê§Ö §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§à§Þ §á§à §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö. §+§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô§Ú §Ó §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ö §á§â§Ö§Ó§í§ê§Ñ§ð§ä §ã§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §å§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§î §ß§Ñ 10-15%.
  §? 1994 §Ô. §é§Ú§ã§ä§í§Û §Õ§à§ç§à§Õ §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Þ§î§ð (§á§à§ã§Ý§Ö §Ó§í§é§Ö§ä§Ñ §ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô§à§Ó) §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§à§Þ §á§à §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý 30493 §Õ§à§Ý§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ, §Ó §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ö - 27532 §Õ§à§Ý§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ, §Ó §R§ß§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§à - 34526 §Õ§à§Ý§Ý§Ñ§â§Ñ, §Ñ §Ó §¢§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §?§à§Ý§å§Þ§Ò§Ú§Ú - 30600 §Õ§à§Ý§Ý§Ñ§â§à§Ó. §÷§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§î §Ò§Ö§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ú§è§í §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ý§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö 11%, §Ñ §Ó §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ö - §ß§Ñ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö 13%.
  §? 1993 §Ô. §ß§Ñ §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü §á§â§Ú§ê§Ý§à§ã§î §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ä§â§Ö§ä§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ò§Ñ§ß§Ü§â§à§ä§ã§ä§Ó §Ó §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö. §-§Ú§ê§î 26 §Ú§Ù 165 §Ü§à§Þ§á§Ñ§ß§Ú§Û, §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§í §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §à§è§Ö§ß§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ó 10 §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó §Õ§à§Ý§Ý§Ñ§â§à§Ó, §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ä §æ§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§í§Þ §Ü§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§è§Ñ§Þ.
  §?§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ - §Ò§Ö§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ú§è§Ñ. §? 90-§ç §Ô§Ô. §Ö§Ö §å§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§î §Ü§à§Ý§Ö§Ò§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö 9-11% §à§ä §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §¢§Ö§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ú§è§Ñ §Ó§í§ê§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§Ö§Ø§Ú §Ú §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß. §÷§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§î §Ò§Ö§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ú§è§í §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ - §á§Ú§Ü §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §Ó§í§á§å§ã§Ü§Ñ §Þ§à§Ý§à§Õ§í§ç §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §Ú§Ù §å§ß§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Ó, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §Ó§Ñ§â§î§Ú§â§å§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §à§ä §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Ú §Ü §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Ú: §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Û §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§Ú§Û §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î - §Ó §¯§à§Ó§à§Û §No§Ö§Þ§Ý§Ö - 19,1%, §Ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Û §ß§Ú§Ù§Ü§Ú§Û - §Ó §R§Ñ§ß§Ú§ä§à§Ò§Ö -7,3%. §?§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §à§ä §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §Ó§ã§á§í§ç§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §Ù§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §Ú §á§â§à§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ä §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§ß§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ú§ç, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä§å§ð§ä §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä §Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Ó §à §ä§â§å§Õ§Ö, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§Ú§ä §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ä§î §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§ç§à§Õ§í §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§Ö§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§ß§í§ç §Ú §á§Ö§ß§ã§Ú§à§ß§Ö§â§à§Ó. §?§Ñ§Ü §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§à, §Ò§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ð§ä §å§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ, §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ü§Ú, §á§à§Ø§Ñ§â§ß§í§Ö §Ú §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ñ§ë§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §å§é§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§Û.
  §+§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ ?3 - §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ö §à§Ò§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö. §ª§Õ§å§ä §à§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§à§é§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§Ò§Ñ§ä§í §à §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ý§Ñ§ä§ß§à§Ô§à §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í, §à §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§ã§ç§à§Õ§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§ß§å, §à§Ò §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Þ §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö §à§Ò§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ä.§Õ. §R§ã§ä§â§à §ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ó §Ó §i§º§¡, §Ô§Õ§Ö §Ó§â§Ñ§é§Ñ§Þ §á§Ý§Ñ§ä§ñ§ä §Ô§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§à §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö, §Ñ, §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à, §Ú §å§Õ§Ý§Ú§ß§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Û §ß§Ñ §à§Ò§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §à§á§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö.
  §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§í §Ó§à§ã§á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ð§ä §Ó§ã§Ö §ï§ä§Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ò§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ü§à §Ü §ã§Ö§â§Õ§è§å, §Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§â§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §ß§å§Ø§ß§å§ð §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§å §Ù§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ã§ä§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§ß§ã§ä§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §Ú §á§å§Ò§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Þ§Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §¯§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §ï§ä§à, §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §Ø§Ú§Ó§Ö§ä §à§ä§ß§à§ã§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§á§à§Ý§å§é§ß§à, §ß§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ù§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ó§ä§â§Ñ§ê§ß§Ú§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î §Ú §á§à§Ý§ß§à§ã§ä§î§ð §Õ§à§Ó§Ö§â§ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ö §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.
  §?§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §ä§Ö§Þ, §Ó §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ú §ã §Ö§Ø§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Û §R§R§¯, §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §ã 1993 §Ô. §á§à 1998 §Ô. §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §+§?§I§?§R§? §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §Ó §ã§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ö §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß, §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §Ý§å§é§ê§Ú§Þ§Ú §Ó §Þ§Ú§â§Ö §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à §ã§à§Ó§à§Ü§å§á§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§Ö§Û§ê§Ú§ç §Ü§â§Ú§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ö§Ó (§à§Ò§ë§Ú§Û §å§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§î §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú, §ï§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§ñ, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ §Ú §Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ã§ä§Ó§à, §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö, §å§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§î §á§â§Ö§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §ä.§Õ.).
  §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ - §à§Õ§ß§Ñ §Ú§Ù §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§ç §ï§Ü§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §é§Ú§ã§ä§í§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ. §? §Õ§à§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ö §R§R§¯ §Ù§Ñ 1998 §Ô., §á§à§ã§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §â§Ö§Û§ä§Ú§ß§Ô§å §å§â§à§Ó§ß§ñ §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§à §Ó§ã§Ö§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ, §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §+§?§I§?§R§? §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à, §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ó §á§à§Ù§Ñ§Õ§Ú §?§i§? §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Þ§Ú§â§Ñ. §I§à§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Ó §ã§á§Ú§ã§Ü§Ö §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ 72-§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à. §+§â§Ú §ï§ä§à§Þ §I§à§ã§ã§Ú§ð §ß§Ñ§Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §à§á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ú §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §¢§Ñ§â§Ò§Ñ§Õ§à§ã (24-§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à), §¡§ß§ä§Ú§Ô§å§Ñ §Ú §¢§Ñ§â§Ò§å§Õ§Ñ (29-§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à), §¢§Ñ§Ô§Ñ§Þ§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §à§ã§ä§â§à§Ó§Ñ (32-§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à), §´§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Õ§Ñ§Õ §Ú §´§à§Ò§Ñ§Ô§à (40-§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à), §i§Ý§à§Ó§Ñ§Ü§Ú§ñ (42-§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à).
  §¥§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Û §â§Ö§Û§ä§Ú§ß§Ô §R§R§¯ §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó §Õ§à§Ü§â§Ú§Ù§Ú§ã§ß§í§Û §Õ§Ý§ñ §I§à§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ú§à§Õ (§Õ§à §Ñ§Ó§Ô§å§ã§ä§Ñ-§ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1998 §Ô.). §?§ã§Ý§Ú §Ò§í §à§ß §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã, §I§à§ã§ã§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ò§í §à§Õ§ß§à §Ú§Ù §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§ç §Þ§Ö§ã§ä §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Õ§Ó§å§ç§ã§à§ä §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß, §ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç§ã§ñ §é§Ý§Ö§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú §R§R§¯.
  §R§Ñ§Ü§â§à§ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §Ó§í§Ô§Ý§ñ§Õ§ñ§ä §ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ. §? 1996 §Ô. §Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó§à§Û §Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§Ú§Û §á§â§à§Õ§å§Ü§ä (§?§?§+) §Ò§í§Ý §â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß 633,2 §Þ§Ý§â§Õ. §Ñ§Þ. §Õ§à§Ý§Ý., §ä.§Ö. §ß§Ñ §Õ§å§ê§å §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ß §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 21 §ä§í§ã. §Õ§à§Ý§Ý. (§¥§Ý§ñ §ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ: §?§¯§+ §I§à§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Ó 1996 §æ. §Ô. §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý 457 §Þ§Ý§â§Õ. §Õ§à§Ý§Ý.; §ß§Ñ §Õ§å§ê§å §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ - §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 3000 §Õ§à§Ý§Ý.)
  §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ú §Ý§ð§Ò§Ñ§ñ §Ü§Ñ§á§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Þ§Ö§â§ß§à, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ó 90-§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í §Õ§Ý§ñ §ß§Ö§Ö §Ò§í§Ý §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ß §å§Þ§Ö§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Ö§Ø§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§í§Û §â§à§ã§ä §ä§Ö§Þ§á§Ñ§Þ§Ú §Ó 2-4%. §´§Ö§Þ§á§í §Ú§ß§æ§Ý§ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §ï§ä§Ú §Ø§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í §ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à §å§á§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú, §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ú§Þ§Ö§â, §Ó 1996 §Ô. §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §Ý§Ú§ê§î 0,3%.
  §? §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ö §å§ã§Ý§å§Ô §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§à 75% §ä§â§å§Õ§à§ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í, §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§Ú§ñ§ç §â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä §à§Ü§à§Ý§à 14%, §Ó §ã§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§à§Þ §ç§à§Ù§ñ§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ö - 4%, §Ó §ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö - 3%, §Ó §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ñ§ç - 4%.
  §? §ñ§ß§Ó§Ñ§â§Ö 1993 §Ô. §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ù§Ñ§ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú, §é§ä§à §ã§á§Ñ§Õ §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§é§Ú§Ý§ã§ñ §Ú §å§â§à§Ó§Ö§ß§î §á§à§ä§â§Ö§Ò§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ó§í§ã§ê§Ö§Ô§à §Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ù§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§â§Ú §Ô§à§Õ§Ñ. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§å §à§Ò§í§é§ß§à §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§ð§ä §Ú§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Þ §ã§í§â§î§ñ: §Ù§Ö§â§ß§Ñ, §ß§Ö§æ§ä§Ú, §Ý§Ö§ã§Ñ §Ú §Þ§Ú§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó. §R§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í §ã§ä§â§å§Ü§ä§å§â§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Û §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ú §ã§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î. §§§Ü§ã§á§à§â§ä §ã§í§â§î§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý §Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ö §Ú §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã 1/9 §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ï§Ü§ã§á§à§â§ä§Ñ (§ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ú§ä§Ö §ã 40% §Ó 1963 §Ô.).
  §?§å§ä§î §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 13% §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ú§ç - §Ò§Ö§Ù§â§Ñ§Ò§à§ä§ß§í§Ö (§ã§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ú§ä§Ö §ã 29% §Ó 1946 §Ô.). §i§æ§Ö§â§Ñ §à§Ò§ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§ä§â§Ö§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §â§Ñ§ã§ä§Ö§ä, §ã§Ö§Û§é§Ñ§ã §Ó §ß§Ö§Û §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§à §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 70% §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ö§Û §ã§Ú§Ý§í §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í. §§§ä§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §Õ§Ö§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§æ§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ú §Ú §Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ä §Ü §á§Ö§â§Ö§â§Ñ§ã§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ü§Ñ§á§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ. §? §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ú§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§í, §Ú §á§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ß§à§Ó§í§Ö §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ü§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§æ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú.
  §? 1985 §Ô. §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ú§ß§ñ§ä§Ñ §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ñ, §á§à§à§ë§â§ñ§ð§ë§Ñ§ñ §Ú§ß§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ú§ß§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§è§Ú§Ú. §?§Ñ§Ü §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä, §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ý§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§Ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ù§Ñ§â§å§Ò§Ö§Ø§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§Ñ§á§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ. §¢§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§â§ñ §ï§ä§à§Û §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§Ö §Ú§ß§Ó§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §Ó §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§å§ð §á§â§à§Þ§í§ê§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ã 1980 §á§à 1988 §Ô§à§Õ §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §ã 62 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó §Õ§à 110 §Þ§Ú§Ý§Ý§Ú§à§ß§à§Ó §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Õ§à§Ý§Ý§Ñ§â§à§Ó. §?§Ý§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§å §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ö§Û §ß§à§Ó§í§Ö §ä§Ö§ç§ß§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ú, §ß§à§Ó§í§Ö §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §ß§à§Ó§í§Ö §â§Ñ§Ò§à§é§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ, §ß§à§Ó§í§Ö §ä§Ö§ç§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ú §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§Õ§â§í .
  §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§ñ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ö§Ô§à §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à §á§å§ä§Ú §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à-§Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ï§Ó§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§Ú §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Û §ß§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó§Ö§ã§î§Þ§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í.
   §?§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ñ 2. §R§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í
  
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  §i§ä§à§Ý§Ú§è§Ñ: §R§ä§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §?§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §R§à§ß§Ñ§â§ç§à§Þ §á§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð §ã §+§â§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Þ §ß§Ñ §á§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§ß§Ú§Û §ã§â§à§Ü. (§?§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§Ü§à§Þ§Ñ§ß§Õ§å§ð§ë§Ú§Û §Ñ§â§Þ§Ú§Ö§Û, §Ó§â§å§é§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ñ§Ô§â§Ñ§Õ§í, §á§à§Ö§Ù§Õ§Ü§Ú §á§à §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö).
  §+§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §ã§æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§à §-§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ö§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §+§à §Ú§ä§à§Ô§Ñ§Þ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§à§Ó §?§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â §Ñ§Ó§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ä §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §+§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß §+§â§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Þ
  §+§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í (The Parliament of Canada / Parlement du Canada)
  §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ö§ä §Õ§Ó§Ö §á§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§í §ã §â§Ñ§Ó§ß§à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Þ §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§à§Þ:
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  105 §é§Ö§Ý., §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §?§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Þ §á§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §+§â§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ
   §I§å§Ü§à§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ: §?§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§Ñ §?§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ II (§ã 06.02.1952 §Ô.)
  (Queen Elizabeth II)
   §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §?§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ñ §¡§Õ§â§Ú§Ñ§ß §¢.§?. §?§Ý§Ñ§â§Ü§ã§à§ß (Adrienne Bing Chee Claekson) (c 07.10.1999 §Ô.)
   §?§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ: §+§â§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â §+§à§Ý §¥§Ø§à§Ù§Ö§æ §R§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ß
  (Paul Joseph Martin) (§ã 12.12.2003 §Ô.)
   §´§Ú§á §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ: §?§à§ß§æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §ã §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§ã§Ü§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ö§Û
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  §-§Ú§Õ§Ö§â: §+§à§Ý §¥§Ø§à§Ù§Ö§æ §R§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ß
  (Paul Joseph Martin) §?§à§ß§ã§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í
  §-§Ú§Õ§Ö§â: §?§â§ï§ß§ä §"§Ú§Ý§Ý (Grant Hill)
  
  
  §+§â§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ä§Ñ§Ò§Ý§Ú§è§í 1.
  
  §R§Ö§ã§ä §Ó §+§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß: 170
  §R§Ö§ã§ä §Ó §i§Ö§ß§Ñ§ä§Ö: 67
  http://www.liberal.ca §R§Ö§ã§ä §Ó §+§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß: 72
  §R§Ö§ã§ä §Ó §i§Ö§ß§Ñ§ä§Ö: 26
  http://www.conservative.ca
  §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ò§Ý§à§Ü
  §-§Ú§Õ§Ö§â: §¨§Ú§Ý§Ý§î §¥§å§ã§Ö§á (Gilles Duceppe)
   §¯§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í
  §-§Ú§Õ§Ö§â: §¥§Ø§Ö§Ü §-§Ñ§Û§ä§à§ß (Jack Layton)
  §R§Ö§ã§ä §Ó §+§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß: 33
  §R§Ö§ã§ä §Ó §i§Ö§ß§Ñ§ä§Ö: 0
  http://www.blocquebecois.org §R§Ö§ã§ä §Ó §+§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß: 14
  §R§Ö§ã§ä §Ó §i§Ö§ß§Ñ§ä§Ö: 0
  http://www.ndp.ca
  §? §+§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß: 7 §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§í§ç §é§Ý§Ö§ß§à§Ó (§Õ§Ö§á§å§ä§Ñ§ä§à§Ó), 2 §à§ä §+§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Ó §Ú 3 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ §Ó§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ß§ä§ß§í.
  §? §i§Ö§ß§Ñ§ä§Ö: 5 §ß§Ö§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ã§Ú§Þ§í§ç §ã§Ö§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Ó, 3 §ã§Ö§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ñ §à§ä §+§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Ó §Ú 4 §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ §Ó§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ß§ä§í.
  ___________________
  * §ª§ã§ä§à§é§ß§Ú§Ü: http://www.edward-lee.com/partycanada.html - 06.02.2004 §Ô.
  
  §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ - §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Þ§à§ß§Ñ§â§ç§Ú§ñ, §Ó§à §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ö §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Û §ß§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §ã§ä§à§Ú§ä §Ü§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§Ñ §?§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ä§Ñ II. §? §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â, §Ñ §Ó §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ§ç §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ý§Ö§Û§ä§Ö§ß§Ñ§ß§ä§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ä §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ü§à§â§à§Ý§Ö§Ó§å. §"§à§ä§ñ §ï§ä§à§ä §Ó§í§ã§ê§Ú§Û §Ô§à§ã§å-§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §á§à§ã§ä §Ó §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §ä§Ö§Þ §ß§Ö §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö, §Ö§Ô§à §â§à§Ý§î §Ó §Ü§à§ß§ã§à§Ý§Ú§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §é§Ñ§ã§ä§à §ß§Ö§Õ§à§à§è§Ö§ß§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ.
  §i 1867 §Ú §Õ§à 1952 §Ô. §?§Ö§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ú§ã§í§Ý§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§å §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â-§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Ó. §§§ä§à §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ò§â§Ú§ä§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ñ§â§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ú - §Ò§Ñ§â§à§ß§í, §Ó§Ú§Ü§à§ß-§ä§í, §Ý§à§â§Õ§í §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§í, §Ù§Ñ§é§Ñ§ã§ä§å§ð §ã §à§á§í§ä§à§Þ §Ü§à§Ý§à§ß§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §å§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö-§ß§Ú§ñ. §i 1952 §Ô. §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§í. §? §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§à§Þ §Ú§Þ§Ú §ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ò§í§Ó§ê§Ú§Ö §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§í, §Õ§Ú§á§Ý§à§Þ§Ñ§ä§í §Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Õ§Ö§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §å§Ø§Ö §Ò§Ö§Ù §ä§Ú§ä§å§Ý§à§Ó, §á§à§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§å §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §Ñ§â§Ú§ã§ä§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö§ä.
  7 §à§Ü§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 1999 §Ô. §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ä§à§â§Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §è§Ö§â§Ö§Þ§à§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §Õ§à§Ý§Ø-§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ß§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§Ñ §§§ß§Õ§â§Ú§Ñ§ß §?§Ý§Ñ§â§Ü§ã§à§ß. §¯§Ñ §Ó§í§ã§ê§Ö§Þ §á§à§ã§ä§å §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §Ø§Ö§ß§ë§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ñ§Ù§Ú§Ñ§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§Ú§ã§ç§à§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §Ú§ã§á§í§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §à§é§Ñ§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §ï§ä§à§Û §å§Þ§ß§à§Û, §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Û §ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ó§Ú§Ù§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§ç §ê§à§å §ß§Ñ §i§?§i. §ª§Ù§Ó§Ö§ã§ä-§ß§à§ã§ä§î §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ö§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ô§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â§à§Þ. §R§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §á§à§Ý§à§Ø§Ú-§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û §Ú §á§â§Ö§ã§ã§í §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§à§Þ §Ü §ß§Ñ§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §§.§?§Ý§Ñ§â§Ü§ã§à§ß §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§à §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§Ú§Ö §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ.
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  §?§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §ä§Ö§Þ, §ã§Þ§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§à§Ó §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ù§å§Ö§ä §á§â§Ú§ß§è§Ú§á §á§â§Ö§Ö§Þ§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ü§Ñ§Ü §ã§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§ä§à§â §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í. §R§Ò§Ñ §Õ§Ñ§Ó§ß§à §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Û §Ú §á§â§Ú§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§Ñ§ä §Ü §à§Õ§ß§à§Þ§å §á§à§Ü§à§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ð (§?§â§Ö§ä§î§Ö§ß§å 69 §Ý§Ö§ä, §R§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ß§å - 65). §R§ß§Ú §ð§â§Ú§ã§ä§í §á§à §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ð, §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§ß§à §Ô§à§Ó§à§â§ñ§ä §ß§Ñ §Õ§Ó§å§ç §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ñ§Ù§í§Ü§Ñ§ç §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í, §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä §á§à §ä§â§à§Ö §Õ§Ö§ä§Ö§Û, §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä §à§ä §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ñ, §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §á§â§à§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Ú.
  §¡§Ó§ä§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä §+. §R§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §Ù§Ú§Ø§Õ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §å§ã§á§Ö§ç§Ñ§ç,§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä§í§ç §Ú§Þ §Ó §Ò§í§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§à§Þ §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§à§Ó §Ó §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ§ç §¨. §?§â§Ö§ä§î§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó 1993-2003 §Ô§Ô. §? §Ú§ç §é§Ú§ã§Ý§Ö: §Ý§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ö§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä§Ñ §Ò§ð§Õ§Ø§Ö§ä§Ó §Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§Þ§Ö§â§Ö 42 §Þ§Ý§â§Õ. §Õ§à§Ý§Ý. (§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§ç), §å§Þ§Ö§ß§î§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§Ñ §ß§Ñ 36 §Þ§Ý§â§Õ. §Õ§à§Ý§Ý., §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§ñ§ä§Ú §á§â§à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä§ß§í§ç §Ò§ð§Õ§Ø§Ö§ä§à§Ó §á§à§Õ§â§ñ§Õ §Ú §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Ö §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§ß§à§Ö §Ó §Ú§ã§ä§à§â§Ú§Ú §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§í §ã§ß§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §Ü§à§â§á§à§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ú §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §Ý§Ú§è, §à§Ò§ì§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ó 2000 §Ô.
  §?§à§ß§ã§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ù§Þ §+. §R§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ó §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§à§Ó§à-§ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§ç §Ú§Þ§à§ß§Ú§â§å§Ö§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ó§í§Þ, §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ §Ó §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç - §Ý§Ö§Ó§í§Þ. §i§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§ç §Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ú§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ú§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Ó §ß§à§Ó§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â§Ñ - "§Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ" §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ (§á§â§Ö§Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Û §ã§Ó§à§Ò§à§Õ§í §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§Þ-§Ù§Ñ§Õ§ß§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ö§Ö§é§ß§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ §á§â§Ú §Ô§à§Ý§à§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ú, §á§à§Ó§í§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã§Ñ §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ü§à§Þ§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Ó), §ß§à§Ó§à§Ö §á§Ñ§â§ä§ß§Ö§â§ã§ä§Ó§à §ã §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú §ß§Ñ §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ö §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Ô§à §å§é§Ö§ä§Ñ §Ó §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §No§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ, §á§â§Ö§à§Õ§à§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ò§Ö§Õ§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §ã§â§Ö§Õ§Ú §Ñ§Ò§à§â§Ú§Ô§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.
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  §+. §R§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ß §ã§é§Ú§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä, §é§ä§à §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ñ§ç§à§Õ§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ §á§à§â§à§Ô§Ö §é§â§Ö§Ù§Ó§í§é§Ñ§Û§ß§à §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä-§ß§à§Ô§à §ï§ä§Ñ§á§Ñ §Ó §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Þ §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ú, §ã§à§á§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Þ§à§Ô§à §ã §ä§Ö§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Û §ß§Ñ§Ò§Ý§ð§Õ§Ñ§Ý§ã§ñ §Ó §ï§ä§à§Û §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö §Ó §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Û §é§Ö§ä§Ó§Ö§â§ä§Ú XIX §Ó. §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§ß§ã§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Þ §Ø§Ö§Ý§Ö§Ù§ß§à§Õ§à§â§à§Ø-§ß§í§Þ §ã§ä§â§à§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §Ú§Ý§Ú §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§í§Ö §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Ó§à§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ô§à§Õ§í XX §Ó. §´§à§Þ§å §Ö§ã§ä§î §ä§â§Ú §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§ã§í§Ý§Ü§Ú: §à§ã§Ý§Ñ§Ò§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§ã§ä§â§à§ä§í §Ü§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í, §à§ä§Ó§Ý§Ö§Ü§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Û §Ó§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ú §â§Ö§ã§å§â§ã§í §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ß§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ý§î§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§Ö§Õ-§ê§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§Û; §ß§à§Ó§í§Û §Õ§å§ç §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §à§Ò§ë§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ã§æ§à§â§Þ§Ú§â§à-§Ó§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ú§Û§ã§ñ §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §ß§Ñ §Ò§Ñ§Ù§Ö §á§â§à§Ó§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã §Ü§à§ß§è§Ñ 1960-§ç - §ß§Ñ§é§Ñ§Ý§Ñ 1970-§ç §Ô§Ô. §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Õ§Ó§å§ñ§Ù§í§é§Ú§ñ, §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §ï§ä§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§à§à§Ò-§â§Ñ§Ù§Ú§ñ; §Ú §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§ß§å§ä§Ñ§ñ §Ó 1990-§Ö §Ô§Ô. §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§à§Ó§à-§ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§î.
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  §R§Ò§à§Ù§â§Ö§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ú§Ù§å§ð§ä §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §R§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ß§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ú §ã§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ä§ã§ñ §Ó§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú, §é§ä§à, §ß§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§Þ§à§ã§ä§î §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú, §á§â§Ö-§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú§Ý §ã§Ó§à§Ú §Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ú, §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ü§ß§å§Ó §ß§Ñ §ã§Ö§Ò§ñ §â§ñ§Õ §ß§à§Ó§í§ç §ã§ä§â§å§Ü-§ä§å§â (§Ó §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §à§ß §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§Ö§Õ§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Þ §Ó §é§Ö§ä§í§â§Ö§ç §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §Ü§à§Þ§Ú-§ä§Ö§ä§Ñ§ç §Ú§Ù §Õ§Ö§Ó§ñ§ä§Ú, §Ó§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ñ§ñ §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ë§Ú§Û §Ú§Ù 16-§ä§Ú §é§Ö§Ý§à§Ó§Ö§Ü "§Ó§ß§å§ä§â§Ö§ß§ß§Ú§Û §Ü§Ñ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö§ä", §Ô§Õ§Ö §á§â§Ú§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ñ§Þ§í§Ö §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Ö §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ). §R§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §ï§ä§à§ä §Ü§Ñ§Ò§Ú§ß§Ö§ä §á§â§à§ã§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§Ö§ä §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §Õ§à §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§ß§í§ç §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§à§Ó, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §à§Ø§Ú§Õ§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §Ñ§á§â§Ö§Ý§Ö-§Þ§Ñ§Ö 2004 §Ô.
  B 1990-§Ö §Ô§Ô. §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §á§â§Ö§ä§Ö§â§á§Ö§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ö§â§î§Ö§Ù§ß§í§Ö §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §? §ä§Ö§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§à§Ý§Ô§à§Ô§à §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ "§Õ§Ó§å§ç §ã §á§à§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ß§à§Û" §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û: §-§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ (§-§+) §Ú §+§â§à§Ô§â§Ö§ã§ã§Ú§Ó§ß§à-§Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§Ñ§ñ (§+§?§+) §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ú §ã§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§Ý§Ú §Õ§â§å§Ô §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ñ §å §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú, §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §¯§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ñ (§¯§¥§+) §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý-§Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §à§â§Ú§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §ß§Ö §Ú§Þ§Ö§Ý§Ñ §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö 15% §Þ§Ö§ã§ä §Ó §á§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ä§Ö §à§Ò§ë§Ú§ß, §ß§à §Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§å§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§å§ð §â§à§Ý§î §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§Õ§Ñ§â§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §ã§á§à-§ã§à§Ò§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §à§ä§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ä§î §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ §å §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§ß§í§ç §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û §Ú §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Ò§Ñ§Ý§Ñ§ß§ã §ã§Ú§Ý §Ó §Ú§ç §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§Ò§à§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö .
  §¯§à §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§í 1993 §Ô. §â§Ñ§Ù§â§å§ê§Ú§Ý§Ú §ï§ä§å §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§å. §¯§Ñ §ã§Þ§Ö§ß§å §Ö§Û §á§â§Ú§ê§Ý§Ñ §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à-§á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û§ß§à§ã§ä§î, §à§ã§ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§Ú§ç §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§ñ§ç: §ß§Ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö-§ã§Ü§å§ð §Ñ§â§Ö§ß§å §Ó§í§ê§Ý§Ú §Õ§Ó§Ö §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ú - §ã§Ö§á§Ñ§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ò§Ý§à§Ü (§?§¢) §Ú §+§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ñ §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ (§+§I) - §ß§Ö§à§Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§à§á§å§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ù §No§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§à§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í. §? §ä§à §Ø§Ö §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ó§ê§Ñ§ñ §Ó 1984-1993 §Ô§Ô. §+§?§+ §á§Ö§â§Ö-§Ø§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§Ñ§ç §Ò§Ö§ã§á§â§Ö§è§Ö§Õ§Ö§ß§ä§ß§í§Û §â§Ñ§Ù§Ô§â§à§Þ, §à§ä §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ô§à §à§ß§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §ß§Ö §ã§Þ§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ §à§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ. §No§Ñ§ä§à §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§í 1993 §Ô. §Ó§Ö§â§ß§å§Ý§Ú §-§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§å§ð §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ð §ß§Ñ §Ö§Ö §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Ö §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§ñ§ë§Ö§Û §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Ö §à§ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§ß§Ú§Þ§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú §á§à §ã§Ö§Û §Õ§Ö§ß§î. §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ò§Ý§à§Ü §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §à§á§á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ö§Û. §R§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ö§Ô§à §Ó§Ù§Ý§Ö§ä §Ò§í§Ý §Ó§â§Ö-§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Þ §ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ.
  §¢§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ó§Ñ§Ø§ß§í§Þ §ã§à§Ò§í§ä§Ú§Ö§Þ §Õ§Ý§ñ §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û§ß§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý §á§â§Ú-§ç§à§Õ §Ó §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§å§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§å §+§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ú §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ. §R§ß§Ñ §ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Û §è§Ö§Ý§î§ð §Õ§à§Ò§Ú§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Ô§à §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ó§Ý§Ú§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §No§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §Ú §Ò§à-§Ý§Ö§Ö §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ö§Ô§à §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ã§à§Ó §Ó §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ö, §Õ§Ö§è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ-§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §Ú §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ §Ú §ß§Ñ§Ý§à§Ô§à§Ó. §"§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§ß§à, §é§ä§à §ï§ä§Ú §ä§â§Ö§Ò§à§Ó§Ñ-§ß§Ú§ñ §à§ã§ä§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§Ó§à§Ö§Ô§à §â§à§Õ§Ñ §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§ä§à§Û §Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ú, §ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§ê§Ö§Û §Ó §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö 90-§ç §Ô§à§Õ§à§Ó §á§â§Ö§Ö§Þ§ß§Ú§è§Ö§Û §+§I - §ä§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§à§Ô§à §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ô§à §Ñ§Ý§î§ñ§ß-§ã§Ñ §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ (§?§?§¡§I). §´§Ñ§Ü§Ú§Þ §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Þ, §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§í 1993 §Ô. §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ý§Ú §à§á§á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§ð §Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §ä§à§Ý§Ü§Ñ, §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§ð§ë§å§ð §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß-§ß§à§Ô§à §Ó§Þ§Ö§ê§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§à§Þ §Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú.
  §+§Ö§â§Ó§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ó§à §Ô§Ý§Ñ§Ó§Ö §ã §Ý§Ú§Õ§Ö§â§à§Þ §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó §¨. §?§â§Ö§ä§î§Ö§ß§à§Þ (1993-1997 §Ô§Ô.) §á§à§Õ §Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö§Þ §ã§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ú§Ý§à §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §á§â§Ú§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§í, §ã§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ó §Ñ§Ü§è§Ö§ß§ä §ß§Ñ §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Ô§à§ã§ã§Ö§Ü§ä§à§â§Ñ §Ú §à§Ô§â§Ñ§ß§Ú§é§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§â§à-§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ. §?§á§â§à§é§Ö§Þ, §Ü§Ñ§Ü §à§ä§Þ§Ö§é§Ñ§ð§ä §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§Ö §Ú§ã§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ú, §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§à§è§Ú-§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ §Ò§í§Ý§à §Ó§í§Ù§Ó§Ñ§ß§à §ß§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ§Ú §Þ§à§ä§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ñ §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§à-§ã§ä§î§ð §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ö§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä§Ñ §Ô§à§ã§Ò§ð§Õ§Ø§Ö§ä§Ñ. §¯§à §ß§Ö§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§ß§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î-§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§ã§ç§à§Õ§à§Ó, §å§ã§ä§à§Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §ß§Ö §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§â§å§ê§Ö§ß§í, §é§ä§à §Ó§à §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§Þ §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §á§à§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ö §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó §ß§Ñ §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§ß§í§ç §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§Ñ§ç 1997 §Ô.
  §?§í§Ò§à§â§í 1997 §Ô. §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §é§ä§à §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§í §à§ä§é§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §å§ä§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ú §á§à§Õ§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ü§å §Ú§Ù§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û, §Ñ §+§I §Ú §+§?§+ §å§Ó§Ö§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ý§Ú §é§Ú§ã§Ý§à §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§Ü§à§Ó. §"§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§ß§à§Û §é§Ö§â§ä§à§Û §ï§ä§Ú§ç §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§à§Ó §ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §â§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§Ý§à§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ. §-§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ò§Ö-§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §Ó §R§ß§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§à, §ß§à §á§â§à§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §Ó §No§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§í§ç §Ú §¡§ä§Ý§Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ§ç. §I§Ö§Ô§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ô§à§Ý§à§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ý§Ñ§ã§î §ß§Ñ §á§â§à§ä§ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ú §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §Ú §Ô§à§â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§à §Ù§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ä§ß§Ö§Ö, §é§Ö§Þ §Ó §Õ§â§å§Ô§Ú§ç §ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ñ§ç §No§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§Ñ. §No§Ñ §ï§ä§Ú§Þ §æ§Ö-§ß§à§Þ§Ö§ß§à§Þ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§î §ß§Ö §á§â§à§ã§ä§à §ß§Ö§Õ§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Û §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ, §ß§à §ß§Ñ§Þ§ß§à§Ô§à §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §Ô§Ý§å§Ò§à§Ü§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§ñ - §Ó §è§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §à§â§Ú§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ§ç §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ö. §´§Ñ§Ü, §Õ§Ý§ñ §Ø§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§ß§í§ç §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Û, §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§å§ð §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§î §¡§Ý§î§Ò§Ö§â§ä§í, §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ö§ß §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§í§Û §á§à§Õ§ç§à§Õ §Ü §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§à§Ý§Ú-§ä§Ú§Ü§Ö §Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ§Þ. §R§ß§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Ö§ß§í §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Û §Þ§à§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú. §?§ã§Ö §ï§ä§à §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ò§Ý§Ñ§Ô§à§á§â§Ú§ñ§ä§ß§í§Ö §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§Ñ§ã§á§â§à§ã§ä§â§Ñ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §Ú§Õ§Ö§à§Ý§à§Ô§Ú§Ú.
  §?§ä§à§â§à§Ö §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à §¨. §?§â§Ö§ä§î§Ö§ß§Ñ §à§Ò§à§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§Ý§à §ã§Þ§Ö§ß§å §á§â§Ú§à§â§Ú§ä§Ö§ä§à§Ó: §Ö§ã§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ú §á§Ö§â§Ó§à§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ý§Ú-§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§à§é§ä§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à§ä§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ§Þ, §á§â§Ö§Ø§Õ§Ö §Ó§ã§Ö§Ô§à, §â§Ö§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ð §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ §à §Õ§Ö§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä§Ö §Ò§ð§Õ§Ø§Ö§ä§Ñ, §á§â§Ú §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Þ - §ß§Ñ §á§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Û §á§Ý§Ñ§ß §Ó§í-§ê§Ý§Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§í. §§§ä§à§Þ§å §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §Ú §ä§à§ä §æ§Ñ§Ü§ä, §é§ä§à §Ó 1998 §Ô. §Õ§Ö-§æ§Ú§è§Ú§ä §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §Ò§ð§Õ§Ø§Ö§ä§Ñ §Ú §Ò§ð§Õ§Ø§Ö§ä§à§Ó §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Û §Ò§í§Ý §Ý§Ú§Ü-§Ó§Ú§Õ§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß. §+§à§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ö§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§ê§Ú§â§Ú§Ý§à §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î-§ß§í§Þ §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§à§Þ §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ.
  §¯§Ö§á§â§à§ã§ä§í§Þ§Ú §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ú §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ §Ú §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Û; §á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ú §á§à-§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§ç §å§Ü§â§Ö§á§Ú§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Ó §ã§Ó§ñ§Ù§Ú §ã §Ú§ç §Ó§à§Ù§â§à§ã§ê§Ö§Û §æ§Ú§ß§Ñ§ß§ã§à§Ó§à§Û §Þ§à§ë§î§ð. §´§Ñ§Ü, §Ó 1999 §Ô. §à§Ò§ë§Ú§Ö §â§Ñ§ã§ç§à§Õ§í §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ 14,8% §á§â§Ö§Ó§í§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú §â§Ñ§ã§ç§à§Õ§í §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î-§ß§à§Ô§à §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ . §-§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§í §á§à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§Ñ§Ý§Ú, §é§ä§à §à§ß§Ú §ß§Ö §ã§à§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §à§ä§Ü§Ñ-§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §à§ä §Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Û §â§à§Ý§Ú §Ó §Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ö§Ó§í§ç §ã§æ§Ö§â§Ñ§ç §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú, §å§ã§ä§å§á§Ñ§ñ §Ö§Ö §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§ñ§Þ §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Û. §¥§Ñ§Ø§Ö §Ü§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §á§â§à§Ô§â§Ñ§Þ§Þ§í §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§å§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§à §ã §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§ñ§Þ§Ú, §à§ß§Ú §ß§à§ã§ñ§ä §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ß§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü-§ä§Ö§â.
  §? 2000 §Ô. §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §ã§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§Ý§Ú§ã§î §Õ§à§ã§â§à§é§ß§í§Ö §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§í, §ß§Ñ §Ü§à-§ä§à§â§í§ç §Ó §ä§â§Ö§ä§Ú§Û §â§Ñ§Ù (§Ú §Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §å§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à, §é§Ö§Þ §Ó 1997 §Ô.) §á§à§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ú§Ý§Ñ §-§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î-§ß§Ñ§ñ §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ñ. §+§à§Ò§Ö§Õ§Ö §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó §ã§á§à§ã§à§Ò§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à §ä§à, §é§ä§à §Ó 2000 §Ô. §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ §?§Ñ-§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §á§Ö§â§Ö§Ø§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §á§à§Õ§ì§Ö§Þ, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§à§Þ§å §ã§à§á§å§ä§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§Ý §â§à§ã§ä §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Õ§à§ç§à§Õ§à§Ó §ß§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §R§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §ß§Ñ§Ü§Ñ§ß§å§ß§Ö §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§à§Ó §ß§à§Ó§à§Ö §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§å§á§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ§á§â§Ú§ß§ñ-§Ý§Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó§í§Ö. §¯§Ñ §Ò§Ñ§Ù§Ö §+§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ú §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §ã§à§Ù§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ §ß§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ñ - §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Û §Ñ§Ý§î§ñ§ß§ã §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ, §Ú§Ý§Ú §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ë§Ö§ß§ß§à §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ñ§Ý§î§ñ§ß§ã (§?§¡), §Ó§í§ã§ä§å§á§Ú§Ó§ê§Ú§Û §Ù§Ñ §å§ã§Ú§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §â§à§Ý§Ú §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Û §Ú §Þ§Ö§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §ã§à§à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó, §Ù§Ñ §ã§à§Ü§â§Ñ-§ë§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §Ñ§á§á§Ñ§â§Ñ§ä§Ñ §Ú §Õ§Ö§è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§å§ð §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ð, §Ô§Õ§Ö §ã§æ§Ö§â§í §ð§â§Ú§ã§Õ§Ú§Ü§è§Ú§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§ç §å§â§à§Ó§ß§Ö§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §ã§ä§â§à§Ô§à §à§á§â§Ö§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§í §Ú §ß§Ö §á§Ö§â§Ö§ã§Ö-§Ü§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ. §? §â§Ö§Ù§å§Ý§î§ä§Ñ§ä§Ö §Ó§í§Ò§à§â§à§Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ñ§Ý§î§ñ§ß§ã §ß§Ö §ä§à§Ý§î§Ü§à §ã§Þ§à§Ô §Ù§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä§î §á§à-§Ý§à§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§ä§à§â§à§Û §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ú, §ã§ä§Ñ§Ó §Ó §á§Ñ§â§Ý§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ö §à§æ§Ú§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §à§á§á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§Ö§Û, §ß§à §Ú §Ó§í§Ò§Ú§ä§î §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó §Ú§Ù §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ §Ù§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ§Ö §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §Ó §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ö§Û §Þ§Ö§â§Ö, §é§Ö§Þ §ï§ä§à §å§Õ§Ñ§Ó§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §+§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ú §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ.
  §R§Ò§à§ã§ä§â§Ú§Ó§ê§Ñ§ñ§ã§ñ §Ó 1990-§Ö §Ô§Ô. §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Þ§à§Ø§Ö§ä §Ò§í§ä§î §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ó §ã§Ó§Ö§ä§Ö §ß§Ö§Ü§à§ä§à§â§í§ç §ä§Ö§à§â§Ö§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ö§Ö §Ñ§ã§á§Ö§Ü§ä§à§Ó. §i§Ö§á§Ñ§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§ã§ä-§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ö §á§í§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §ß§Ñ§Û§ä§Ú §à§á§à§â§å §Ó §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ä§Ö§à§â§Ú§ñ§ç. §R§ã§à§Ò§à §Ø§Ö§ã§ä§Ü§à§Ö §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§Ý§à §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§ñ§Þ§Ú, §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Ú §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§å§ß§Ú§ä§Ñ§â§ß§à§Û §ê§Ü§à§Ý. §+§à §Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ð B.C. §¡§Ø§Ñ§Ö§Ó§à§Û, "§Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ §Ú §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§å§ß§Ú§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Ù§Þ - §Õ§Ó§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö, §Ó §Ü§à§ß§Ö§é§ß§à§Þ §ã§é§Ö§ä§Ö §ß§Ö§ã§à§Ó§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §á§à§Ý§Ú-§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §æ§Ú§Ý§à§ã§à§æ§Ú§Ú", §Ú§ã§ç§à§Õ§ñ§ë§Ú§Ö §Ú§Ù §æ§å§ß§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§ç §å§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§à§Ü. §?§ã§Ý§Ú §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§Ñ§ä§â§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß §Ú§ã§Ü§Ý§ð§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à §Ó §Ü§Ñ§é§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §Ñ§ä§à§Þ§Ñ§â-§ß§í§ç §Ú§ß§Õ§Ú§Ó§Ú§Õ§à§Ó, §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§å§ß§Ú§ä§Ñ§â§Ú§Ù§Þ §Õ§Ö§Ý§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ñ§Ü§è§Ö§ß§ä §ß§Ñ §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à-§Ô§â§å§á§á§à§Ó§à§Û §á§â§Ú-§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ý§Ö§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ý§ð§Õ§Ö§Û §Ú §à§ä§ã§ä§Ñ§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §Ú§Õ§Ö§ð §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§Ù§ß§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§Ö-§ß§Ú§ñ §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§à§Û §ã§á§Ö§è§Ú§æ§Ú§Ü§Ú §à§ä§Õ§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §à§Ò§ë§ß§à§ã§ä§Ö§Û. §? §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Þ §Ü§à§ß§ä§Ö§Ü§ã§ä§Ö §Ü§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§è§í §ã§Ü§Ý§à§ß§ß§í §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ä§î §Ü§à§Þ§Þ§å§ß§Ú§ä§Ñ§â§ß§í§Ö §Ó§Ù§Ô§Ý§ñ-§Õ§í, §ä§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§è§Ö§Ó §Ó§ß§Ö §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§Ñ §Ú§Þ§Ö§ð§ä §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §á§â§Ö§Õ-§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §à §â§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö .
  §i§å§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ä §â§Ñ§Ù§Ý§Ú§é§ß§í§Ö §Þ§à§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ú §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§Ô§à §Ü§à§Þ§á§â§à-§Þ§Ú§ã§ã§Ñ §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å §R§ä§ä§Ñ§Ó§à§Û §Ú §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§à§Þ (§à§ã§à§Ò§í§Û §ã§ä§Ñ§ä§å§ã, §â§Ñ§Ù§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§ä, §Ñ§ã§Ú§Þ§Þ§Ö§ä§â§Ú§é§ß§Ñ§ñ §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ, §ä§Ñ§Ü §ß§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ñ "§Ü§à§Þ§á§Ö§ß§ã§Ñ§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §Þ§à§Õ§Ö§Ý§î" §â§Ñ§Ù-§Õ§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §á§à§Ý§ß§à§Þ§à§é§Ú§Û). §I§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ö§â§ß§å§Ó§ê§å§ð§ã§ñ §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö §Ó 1990-§Ö §Ô§Ô. §á§à§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ §á§à §ï§ä§ß§à-§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ó§à§á§â§à§ã§Ñ§Þ §Ó§í§ê§Ý§Ñ §Ù§Ñ §â§Ñ§Þ§Ü§Ú §Ü§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ú §à§ç§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ñ §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ä§Ö§Þ§í §Þ§ß§à§Ô§à§Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ó §Ü§à§â§Ö§ß§ß§í§ç §ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§à§Ó. §+§â§Ñ§Ó§Õ§Ñ, §Ü §Ü§à§ß§è§å §Õ§Ö§ã§ñ§ä§Ú§Ý§Ö§ä§Ú§ñ §à§ã§ä§â§à§ä§Ñ §Ü§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ü§Ú §ã§ß§Ú§Ù§Ú§Ý§Ñ§ã§î, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ü§Ñ§Ü §Ó §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§Û §æ§â§Ñ§ß§Ü§à§ñ§Ù§í§é§ß§à§Û §á§â§à§Ó§Ú§ß§è§Ú§Ú §ã§Ö§á§Ñ§â§Ñ-§ä§Ú§ã§ä§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§à§ê§Ý§à §ß§Ñ §ã§á§Ñ§Õ. §R§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §Ó §à§Ò§ë§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Þ§Ñ§ã§ê§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ñ§ç §â§Ñ§ã-§Ü§Ý§Ñ§Õ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ú§Ý §à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §á§â§Ö§Ø§ß§Ú§Þ: §Ó §ß§Ö§Û "§ã§ä§Ñ§Ý§Ü§Ú§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä§ã§ñ §ä§â§Ú §Ü§à§ß-§Ü§â§Ö§ä§ß§í§Ö §ã§Ú§Ý§í: §ã§å§Ó§Ö§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ã§ä§í, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§ã§Ü§à§Û §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ö§Û §Ú §?§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü-§ã§Ü§Ú§Þ §Ò§Ý§à§Ü§à§Þ, §Ñ§ß§ä§Ú§Ü§Ó§Ö§Ò§Ö§Ü§ã§Ü§Ú§Û (§ß§à §à§Õ§ß§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à §á§â§Ú§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Ö§ß§ß§í§Û §Õ§Ö§è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú-§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú) §No§Ñ§á§Ñ§Õ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í, §é§î§Ú §ß§Ñ§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§Ñ§Ú§Ò§à§Ý§Ö§Ö §ñ§â§Ü§à §Ó§í§â§Ñ§Ø§Ñ§Ý§Ñ §+§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ñ §â§Ö-§æ§à§â§Þ §Ú §Ö§Ö §ß§í§ß§Ö§ê§ß§Ú§Û §ß§Ñ§ã§Ý§Ö§Õ§ß§Ú§Ü - §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§í§Û §Ñ§Ý§î§ñ§ß§ã §â§Ö-§æ§à§â§Þ, §Ú §ã§ä§à§â§à§ß§ß§Ú§Ü§Ú §Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§à§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í, §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §Ó §á§Ö§â§Ó§å§ð §à§é§Ö§â§Ö§Õ§î §-§Ú-§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Ö§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í" .
  §? 2000-2003 §Ô§Ô. §Ó §á§Ý§Ñ§ä§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§ç §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ë§Ú§ç §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §ß§Ñ§ê§Ý§Ñ §à§ä§â§Ñ§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §â§Ö§æ§à§â§Þ§í §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§ä§à§Ó §Ú §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Û §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ú .
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  §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö §Ü§à§ß§ã§Ö§â§Ó§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§Ñ, §é§Ö§Þ §Ñ§Þ§Ö§â§Ú§Ü§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ (§i§º§¡). §¢§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à §ã§à§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ö§Ö §á§à§Õ§ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ §Ò§í§Ý§Ú §á§à§Õ§Ó§Ö§â§Ø§Ö§ß§í, §ç§à§ä§ñ §Ú §à§ã§ä§à§â§à§Ø§ß§í§Þ, §ß§à §Ó§ã§Ö-§ä§Ñ§Ü§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§Þ. §?§Þ§Ö§ã§ä§Ö §ã §ä§Ö§Þ, §ï§ä§Ú §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §ß§à§ã§Ú§Ý§Ú §Þ§Ö§ß§Ö§Ö §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Û (§ä.§Ö. §ï§Ó§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§í§Û) §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â. §R§ß§Ñ §Ò§í§Ý§Ñ §Ó§í§ß§å§Ø§Õ§Ö§ß§Ñ §Ñ§Õ§Ñ§á§ä§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î§ã§ñ §Ü §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§ð§ë§Ú§Þ§ã§ñ §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ§Þ §Ú §Ú§Þ§á§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Þ §Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú. §§§ä§à §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ú§Ô§Ñ§Ý§à§ã§î §Ù§Ñ §ã§é§Ö§ä §Ú§ã§Ü§å§ã§ß§à§Û §Ú§ß§ä§Ö§â§á§â§Ö§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§Ú§ç §Ó §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ß§à§â§Þ §Ú §å§Þ§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Ú§Ù§Þ§Ö§ß§ñ§ä§î §é§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§ñ §Ó§á§à§Ý§ß§Ö §ä§â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Ö §è§Ö§Ý§à§Ö.
  §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §ï§æ§æ§Ö§Ü§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§Ñ. §R§ß§Ñ §à§Ò§Ö§ã§á§Ö§é§Ú§Ó§Ñ§Ö§ä §ß§Ö§à§Ò§ç§à§Õ§Ú§Þ§í§Ö §å§ã§Ý§à§Ó§Ú§ñ §Õ§Ý§ñ §ß§à§â§Þ§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§ä§Ö§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§Ñ §Ú §Ö§Ô§à §ã§à§Ô§Ý§Ñ§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §ã §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Þ §á§â§à§è§Ö§ã§ã§à§Þ, §é§ä§à §á§à§Ù§Ó§à§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä §Ó§à§ã§á§â§à§Ú§Ù§Ó§à§Õ§Ú§ä§î §Ú §Õ§Ñ§Ø§Ö §ã§à§Ó§Ö§â§ê§Ö§ß§ã§ä§Ó§à§Ó§Ñ§ä§î §Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§å§ð§ë§å§ð §Þ§à§Õ§Ö§Ý§î §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§ß§í§ç §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û.
  §+§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §à§Ò§Ý§Ñ§Õ§Ñ§Ö§ä §Õ§à§ã§ä§Ñ§ä§à§é§ß§à§Û §ã§ä§Ö§á§Ö§ß§î§ð §ã§ä§Ñ§Ò§Ú§Ý§î§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú, §Ü§à§ä§à§â§Ñ§ñ §Ó§í§ã§à§Ü§à §è§Ö§ß§Ú§ä§ã§ñ §Ü§Ñ§Ü §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú, §ä§Ñ§Ü §Ú §â§ñ§Õ§à§Ó§í§Þ§Ú §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Þ§Ú. §R§Õ§ß§Ñ§Ü§à §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§Ñ §å§ã§ä§à§Û§é§Ú§Ó§à§ã§ä§Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §ä§Ñ§Ü§Ø§Ö §ä§â§Ö§Ò§å§Ö§ä §ã§Ñ§Þ§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§ã§ã§Þ§à§ä§â§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ.
  §§å§ß§Õ§Ñ§Þ§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§Ö §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§ä§í §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í:
  - §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à-§Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ú§ä§å§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§Ñ§ñ §ï§Ó§à§Ý§ð§è§Ú§ñ;
  - §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ;
  - §Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§à§Ó§Ñ§ñ §Ù§Ñ§Ü§à§ß§à§á§à§ã§Ý§å§ê§ß§à§ã§ä§î;
  - §ß§Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ø§ß§Ñ§ñ §Ò§Ý§à§Ü§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ü§Ñ §Ó§à§Ù§Þ§à§Ø§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ý§Ö§Ô§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ú§ç§à§Õ§Ñ §Ü §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú §á§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§Ö§Û §Ü§â§Ñ§Û§ß§Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §à§â§Ú§Ö§ß§ä§Ñ§è§Ú§Û §Ú §Ó§à§Ù§ß§Ú§Ü§ß§à§Ó§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ §Þ§à§ë§ß§í§ç §â§Ñ§Õ§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §Õ§Ó§Ú§Ø§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ú §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û;
  - §Õ§à§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§â§å§ð§ë§Ñ§ñ §Õ§Ó§å§ç§á§à§Ý§ð§ã§ß§Ñ§ñ §Þ§à§Õ§Ö§Ý§î §à§â§Ô§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ù§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û§ß§à§Û §Ø§Ú§Ù§ß§Ú §á§â§Ú §ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§é§Ú§Ú §ß§Ö§Ù§ß§Ñ§é§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§à§Ô§à §ä§â§Ö§ä§î§Ö§Ô§à §à§á§á§à§Ù§Ú§è§Ú§à§ß§ß§à§Ô§à §è§Ö§ß§ä§â§Ñ;
  - §Ñ§Õ§Ö§Ü§Ó§Ñ§ä§ß§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ "§ã§Õ§Ö§â§Ø§Ö§Ü §Ú §á§â§à§ä§Ú§Ó§à§Ó§Ö§ã§à§Ó" §Ó §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ§ç §ä§â§Ö§ç §Ó§Ö§ä§Ó§Ö§Û §Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§Ú;
  - §ã§à§à§ä§Ó§Ö§ä§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §Ö§Ö §Ò§Ñ§Ù§Ú§ã§ß§í§ç §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ü §ã §ç§Ñ§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ö§â§Ú§ã§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ§Þ§Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à-§ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§â§Ö§Õ§í, §Ó §Ü§à§ä§à§â§å§ð §à§ß§Ñ §Ó§ã§ä§â§à§Ö§ß§Ñ. §? §Ò§à§Ý§î§ê§Ú§ß§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §ã§Ý§à§Ö§Ó §ß§Ö§ä §ã§à§Þ§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û, §é§ä§à §Ö§Ö §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ù§Þ §Ú §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ - §Ö§ã§ä§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à§Ö §á§â§à§ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Õ§Ö§Þ§à§Ü§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §Ú §Ý§Ú§Ò§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ:
  - §ã§Ú§Ý§Ñ (§Ó§Ý§Ñ§ã§ä§î) §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §à§Ò§ë§Ö§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ (§Þ§Ñ§ã§ã§Ñ §Õ§à§Ò§â§à§Ó§à§Ý§î§ß§í§ç §à§Ò§ì§Ö§Õ§Ú§ß§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §Ô§â§Ñ§Ø§Õ§Ñ§ß §à§Ü§Ñ§Ù§í§Ó§Ñ§ð§ä §á§à§ã§ä§à§ñ§ß§ß§à§Ö §Ó§à§Ù§Õ§Ö§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ §æ§å§ß§Ü§è§Ú§à§ß§Ú§â§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §Ó §è§Ö§Ý§à§Þ).
  §+§â§Ö§Õ§ã§ä§Ñ§Ó§Ý§ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ò§Ö§ã§ã§á§à§â§ß§í§Þ, §é§ä§à §Ò§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§í§Ö §Ü§à§ß§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§ä§í §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §ã§à§ç§â§Ñ§ß§ñ§ä §ã§Ú§Ý§å §Ó §à§Ò§à§Ù§â§Ú§Þ§à§Þ §Ò§å§Õ§å§ë§Ö§Þ. §R§ß§Ú §Þ§à§Ô§å§ä §ã§Ý§å§Ø§Ú§ä§î §ã§Ó§à§Ö§à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§ß§í§Þ §à§â§Ú§Ö§ß§ä§Ú§â§à§Þ §Ú §Õ§Ý§ñ §â§à§ã§ã§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§à§Ó.
  
  
  
  
  
  
   §i§á§Ú§ã§à§Ü §Ú§ã§á§à§Ý§î§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§ß§à§Û §Ý§Ú§ä§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§å§â§í
  
  1. §¡§Ø§Ñ§Ö§Ó§Ñ §?.§i. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ: §ä§Ö§ß§Õ§Ö§ß§è§Ú§Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à-§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ. §R., §ª§¯§ª§R§¯, 2001. 82 §ã.
  2. §¢§Ñ§ä§Ñ§Ý§à§Ó §§.§Á. §+§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§Ñ §i§º§¡ §ã§Ö§Ô§à§Õ§ß§ñ: §Ó§Ù§Ô§Ý§ñ§Õ §Ú§Ù §R§à§ã§Ü§Ó§í // §i§º§¡ §Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ: §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ. 2001. ? 7. §i. 3-19.
  3. §¢§Ö§Ý§Ö§è§Ü§Ñ§ñ §-. §?§Ö§ß§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý-§Ô§å§Ò§Ö§â§ß§Ñ§ä§à§â §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §ã§à§Ò§Ú§â§Ñ§Ö§ä§ã§ñ §Ó §I§à§ã§ã§Ú§ð // §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ü§å§â§î§Ö§â. 19 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 2003 §Ô. - §¥§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à §ß§Ñ: http://www.russcan.com/story.asp
  4. §¢§à§Ô§Õ§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ª. §À. §+§â§Ñ§Ó§à§Ó§í§Ö §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í, §¡§Ó§ã§ä§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ú §Ú §¯§à§Ó§à§Û §No§Ö§Ý§Ñ§ß§Õ§Ú§Ú: §à§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ñ // §+§â§Ñ§Ó§à §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ. 2002. ? 8.
  5. §¢§à§â§Ú§ã§à§Ó §Á.§?. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ: §¡§Ó§ä§à§â§Ö§æ. §Õ§Ú§ã... §Ü§Ñ§ß§Õ. §ð§â§Ú§Õ. §ß§Ñ§å§Ü / §¢§à§â§Ú§ã§à§Ó §Á.§?.; §R-§Ó§à §à§Ò§â§Ñ§Ù§à§Ó§Ñ§ß§Ú§ñ §I§à§ã. §§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú. - §R.: §¢.§Ú., 2000. - 24§ã.
  6. §?§à§Ý§Ú§Ü§à§Ó §i. §+§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ù§Ñ§Ó§Ö§ë§Ñ§ß§Ú§Ö §¨§Ñ§ß§Ñ §?§â§Ö§ä§î§Ö§ß§Ñ // §I§å§ã§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §R§à§ß§â§Ö§Ñ§Ý§î. 2003. ? 125 (200). - §¥§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à §ß§Ñ URL : http://www.russianmontreal.ca/ meetingplace/archive/0200/009.html
  7. §No§Ñ§ç§Ñ§â§à§Ó §¡.§¡. §§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ó§ß§à§Ö §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§à §Ú §ã§Ö§á§Ñ§â§Ñ§ä§Ú§Ù§Þ: §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §Ó§Ñ§â§Ú§Ñ§ß§ä // §+§à§Ý§Ú§ã. 2002. ? 3. - §i. 129-141.
  8. §ª§â§ç§Ú§ß §À.§?. §+§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ§å§Ü§Ñ §Ó §Ó§å§Ù§Ñ§ç §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í // §?§Ö§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü §R§?§÷. §i§Ö§â. 12. §+§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§å§Ü§Ú. 2002. ? 4. §i. 91-103.
  9. §ª§ã§â§Ñ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ß §?.§?. §+§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Û §Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ú §â§à§ã§ã§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à-§Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ //§i§º§¡ §Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ: §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ. 2001. ? 10. §i. 24-37.
  10. §ª§ã§â§Ñ§Ö§Ý§ñ§ß §?.§?., §´§Ö§ã§Ý§Ö§ß§Ü§à §+.§?. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §Ú §á§à§Þ§à§ë§î §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â§à§Õ§ß§à§Þ§å §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§ð // §i§º§¡ §Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ: §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ. 2004. ? 2. §i. 21-33.
  11. §?§Ñ§ã§î§ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ñ §¡.§¡. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §Ú "§Ò§Ö§Ù§à§á§Ñ§ã§ß§à§ã§ä§î §Ý§Ú§é§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú": §Ü§à§ß§è§Ö§á§è§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ // §i§º§¡ §Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ: §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ. 2002. ? 8. §i.36-53.
  12. §?§à§Ý§Þ§Ñ§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ §?.§?. §+§à§Ý §R§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§ß - §ß§à§Ó§í§Û §á§Ö§Þ§î§Ö§â-§Þ§Ú§ß§Ú§ã§ä§â §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í // §i§º§¡ §Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ: §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ. 2004. ? 2. §i. 107-112.
  13. §?§â§Ö§Þ§Ý§ñ§ß§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §?.§¡. §I§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ §ß§Ñ §ã§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§à§Þ §ï§ä§Ñ§á§Ö: §à§á§í§ä §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §Ú §I§à§ã§ã§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Û §§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§è§Ú§Ú // §¨§å§â§ß§Ñ§Ý §â§à§ã§ã§Ú§Û§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ñ. 2003. ? 4. §i. 93-99.
  14. §?§à§Þ§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ §?.§?. §+§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í §Ó §á§Ý§Ñ§ä§æ§à§â§Þ§Ñ§ç §Ó§Ö§Õ§å§ë§Ú§ç §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §á§Ñ§â§ä§Ú§Û // §i§º§¡ §Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ: §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ. 2001. ? 6. §i. 17-37.
  15. §?§à§Þ§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ §?.§?. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ §á§à§ã§Ý§Ö 11 §ã§Ö§ß§ä§ñ§Ò§â§ñ 2001 §Ô. // §i§º§¡ §Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ: §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ. 2002. ? 4. §i. 105-120.
  16. §?§à§Þ§Ü§à§Ó§Ñ §?.§?. §R§à§Ý§à§é§Ü§à§Ó §i.§. §+§Ö§â§Ö§ã§ä§Ñ§ß§à§Ó§Ü§Ú §Ó §á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ã§ä§Ó§Ö §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í // §i§º§¡ §Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ: §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ. 2002. ? 3. §i. 123-127.
  17. §R§Ö§Ý§Ü§å§Þ§à§Ó §¡.§¡. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ú§Û §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ: §ä§Ö§à§â§Ú§ñ §Ú §á§â§Ñ§Ü§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ.- §R.:§§§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, 1998. - 222 §ã.
  18. §R§Ö§Ý§Ü§å§Þ§à§Ó §¡.§¡. §R§ã§à§Ò§Ö§ß§ß§à§ã§ä§Ú §Ô§à§ã§å§Õ§Ñ§â§ã§ä§Ó§Ö§ß§ß§à-§á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §å§ã§ä§â§à§Û§ã§ä§Ó§Ñ §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í / §R§Ö§Ý§Ü§å§Þ§à§Ó §¡.§¡. // §?§Ö§ã§ä§ß§Ú§Ü §R§?§÷. §i§Ö§â.12, §+§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§Ö §ß§Ñ§å§Ü§Ú, 2000.-? 3. - §i. 103-120.
  19. §R§ã§ß§à§Ó§í §ä§Ö§à§â§Ú§Ú §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Û §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ§í. §R§ä§Ó. §â§Ö§Õ. §À.§¡. §´§Ú§ç§à§Þ§Ú§â§à§Ó, §?.§?. §?§Ú§â§Ü§Ú§ß. §R., 1985;
  20. §+§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §ß§Ñ§å§Ü§Ñ: §ß§à§Ó§í§Ö §ß§Ñ§á§â§Ñ§Ó§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§ñ. §+§Ö§â§Ö§Ó. §ã §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý. §R., 1999.
  21. §i§à§â§à§Ü§à-§¸§ð§á§Ñ §R.§i. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§Ñ§ñ §Þ§à§Ù§Ñ§Ú§Ü§Ñ // §i§º§¡ §Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ: §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ. 2000. ? 7. §i. 62-77.
  22. §´§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ê§à§Ó§Ñ §´.§¯. §i§à§Ó§â§Ö§Þ§Ö§ß§ß§í§Ö §á§â§à§Ò§Ý§Ö§Þ§í §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §æ§Ö§Õ§Ö§â§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù§Þ§Ñ: §¡§Ó§ä§à§â§Ö§æ. §Õ§Ú§ã... §Ü§Ñ§ß§Õ. §ð§â. §ß§Ñ§å§Ü: 12.00.02 / §´§Ú§Þ§Ñ§ê§à§Ó§Ñ §´.§¯.; §R§à§ã§Ü. §Ô§à§ã. §Ú§ß-§ä §Þ§Ö§Ø§Õ§å§ß§Ñ§â. §à§ä§ß§à§ê§Ö§ß§Ú§Û §R§ª§¥ §I§. - §R.: §¢.§Ú., 2001. - 25§ã.
  23. §?§Ö§â§Ü§Ñ§ã§à§Ó §¡.§ª. §§§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§à§Ö §Ú §ã§à§è§Ú§Ñ§Ý§î§ß§à§Ö §â§Ñ§Ù§Ó§Ú§ä§Ú§Ö §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§ã§Ü§à§Ô§à §i§Ö§Ó§Ö§â§Ñ // §i§º§¡ §Ú §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ: §ï§Ü§à§ß§à§Þ§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§Ü§Ñ, §Ü§å§Ý§î§ä§å§â§Ñ. 2001. ?6. §i.38-52.
  24. §§§ß§Õ§â§Ö§Û§ß §?. §i§â§Ñ§Ó§ß§Ú§ä§Ö§Ý§î§ß§í§Û §Ñ§ß§Ñ§Ý§Ú§Ù §á§à§Ý§Ú§ä§Ú§é§Ö§ã§Ü§Ú§ç §ã§Ú§ã§ä§Ö§Þ. §+§Ö§â§Ö§Ó. §ã §Ñ§ß§Ô§Ý. §R., 2000.
  
  25. Martin P. Making History: The Politics of Achievement. Ottava. 15.11.2003.
  
  26. §ª§Þ§Þ§Ú§Ô§â§Ñ§è§Ú§ñ §Ó §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§å. §¥§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à §ß§Ñ URL: http://www.immigration.md/ about_art2. html
  27. §?§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§Ñ. §¥§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à §ß§Ñ URL: http://www.statcan.ca/start.html
  28. §¯§Ñ§ã§Ö§Ý§Ö§ß§Ú§Ö §Ü§Ñ§ß§Ñ§Õ§í. §¥§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à §ß§Ñ URL: http://www.canada.ru/population.shtml
  
  29. Conservative Party of Canada. §¥§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à §ß§Ñ URL: http://www.conservative.ca
  30. Lee E. Political System & Mayor Federal Political Parties in Canada. §¥§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à §ß§Ñ URL: http://www.edward-lee.com/partycanada.html
  31. Liberal Party of Canada. §¥§à§ã§ä§å§á§ß§à §ß§Ñ URL: http://www.liberal.ca
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